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Related Concept Videos

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Behavior is a product of both the situation (e.g., cultural influences, social roles, and the presence of bystanders) and of the person (e.g., personality characteristics). Subfields of psychology tend to focus on one influence or behavior over others. Situationism is the view that our behavior and actions are determined by our immediate environment and surroundings. In contrast, dispositionism holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors (Heider, 1958).
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In social interactions, individuals frequently seek to understand the motivations and causes behind others' behaviors. This fundamental aspect of social perception, known as attribution, plays a crucial role in shaping interpersonal relationships and guiding future actions. Attribution refers to the cognitive process through which people infer the reasons behind others' behaviors, allowing them to assess character traits, intentions, and situational influences.Attribution Theory and Its...
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Cultural frameworks for understanding the self are often categorized into two broad orientations: individualism and collectivism. These paradigms influence how people define themselves, relate to others, and interpret their social worlds. Each orientation offers distinct perspectives on autonomy, responsibility, and the role of the individual within a community.Individualistic CulturesIn individualistic cultures like North America and Western Europe, identity is understood as autonomous and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Measurement of Neurophysiological Signals of Ignoring and Attending Processes in Attention Control
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A Computational Model of Attention Control in Multi-Attribute, Context-Dependent Decision Making.

Kanghoon Jung1, Jaeseung Jeong2, Jerald D Kralik1

  • 1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, United States.

Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience
|July 30, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel computational model for multi-attribute decisions, explaining how attention control influences choices based on attribute distinctiveness. The model accurately predicts choice behavior in monkeys, linking attention and memory to decision-making processes.

Keywords:
attentioncognitive controldecision makingmemoryreinforcement learning

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Decision Science

Background:

  • Real-world decisions involve comparing multi-attribute options where context influences evaluation.
  • Existing reinforcement learning models do not fully account for context effects in multi-attribute decision-making.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a computational model integrating attention control with reinforcement learning for context-dependent multi-attribute decisions.
  • To investigate how attribute distinctiveness influences choice preferences through selective or divided attention mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a computational model linking context-dependent choice and reinforcement learning.
  • Conducted a behavioral experiment with rhesus monkeys making multi-attribute decisions under varying attribute distinctiveness.
  • Manipulated attribute distinctiveness using food items varying in size, calorie, color, or identity.

Main Results:

  • Model simulations accurately captured empirical choice behavior, including preference bias and choice persistence.
  • Demonstrated that attribute distinctiveness guides preferences via selective or divided attention.
  • Provided evidence for the roles of attention and memory in shaping preference bias and choice persistence.

Conclusions:

  • The developed model offers insights into the computational mechanisms underlying multi-attribute decision-making.
  • Highlights the crucial role of attentional control in navigating complex choices with multiple attributes.
  • Links attention and memory processes to observable choice behaviors in a context-dependent manner.