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Pathology of A(H5N8) (Clade 2.3.4.4) Virus in Experimentally Infected Chickens and Mice

Elena A Prokopyeva1,2, Vsevolod A Zinserling3, You-Chan Bae4

  • 1Department of Experimental Research, Federal Research Center for Basic and Translational Medicine, Novosibirsk 630117, Russia.

Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases
|July 30, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) A(H5N8) clade 2.3.4.4 was identified in Russian poultry. This novel HPAIV strain exhibited high lethality and neuroinvasiveness in experimental infections.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Pathogen Discovery
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) pose significant threats due to potential spread by migratory birds.
  • The 2016 outbreak in Russia involved a novel HPAIV A(H5N8) clade 2.3.4.4 strain affecting domestic poultry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize a novel HPAIV A(H5N8) strain circulating in Russian poultry during the 2016 outbreak.
  • To assess the pathogenicity and histopathological effects of this novel HPAIV strain in experimental infections.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and identification of HPAIV A(H5N8) from sick domestic ducks.
  • Experimental infection of chickens and mice to determine lethality (IVPI, MLD50) and pathogenicity.
  • Histopathological examination and viral replication assessment in various organs and cell types.

Main Results:

  • The novel HPAIV A(H5N8) clade 2.3.4.4 strain was highly lethal in chickens and mice.
  • Infection led to neuroinvasiveness, multiorgan failure, and rapid death in chickens.
  • High viral titers were observed in multiple organs, with the highest in the brain, indicating widespread replication in various cell types.

Conclusions:

  • The identified HPAIV A(H5N8) strain is highly virulent and poses a significant risk to poultry.
  • Understanding the histopathological effects and cellular tropism is crucial for managing HPAIV outbreaks.

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