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Nanoscale spatial mapping of mechanical properties through dynamic atomic force microscopy.

Zahra Abooalizadeh1, Leszek Josef Sudak1, Philip Egberts1

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, 40 Research Place NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y6, Canada.

Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology
|July 30, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed variations in the elastic modulus of graphite step edges. Uncovered steps showed a slight decrease in stiffness, while covered steps remained unchanged.

Keywords:
atomic force microscopycontact resonance (CR) AFMelastic modulus mappingforce modulation microscopy (FMM)highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG)mechanical propertiessurface sciencesurface steps

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Surface Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a powerful tool for nanoscale surface characterization.
  • Understanding the mechanical properties of graphene and graphite at step edges is crucial for their applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To spatially map the elastic modulus of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) using dynamic AFM techniques.
  • To investigate the influence of step edge coverage on the mechanical properties of graphite.

Main Methods:

  • Dynamic atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques, including force modulation microscopy (FMM) and contact resonance (CR) AFM, were employed.
  • Scanning over uncovered and covered step edges of HOPG was performed to observe amplitude signal variations.

Main Results:

  • Amplitude signal variations indicated differences in elastic modulus over uncovered step edges of HOPG.
  • Force modulation microscopy (FMM) quantified a 0.5% decrease in elastic modulus at uncovered graphene steps.
  • Contact resonance (CR) AFM highlighted areas of reduced elastic modulus, though quantification was challenging.

Conclusions:

  • The elastic modulus of graphite is sensitive to the condition of its step edges.
  • Uncovered step edges exhibit a measurable decrease in elastic modulus compared to covered ones.
  • AFM techniques provide valuable insights into the localized mechanical properties of nanostructured materials.