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Prevalence of Anemia and Its Associated Risk Factors Among 6-Months-Old Infants in Beijing

Qinrui Li1, Furong Liang1, Weilan Liang1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|July 30, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Infant anemia is linked to premature birth, exclusive breastfeeding, lack of complementary foods, and spring birth. Early detection and intervention are crucial for infant health and development.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Nutritional Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Anemia affects approximately 24.8% globally, with iron deficiency anemia posing risks to children's development.
  • Early detection and intervention for infant anemia are critical to prevent long-term sensory, motor, cognitive, language, and socioemotional deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors associated with anemia in 6-month-old infants to inform prevention strategies.
  • To investigate the relationship between various infant and maternal factors and the prevalence of anemia.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1,127 infants aged 6 months at Peking University First Hospital.
  • Data collected included birth information, maternal demographics, feeding practices (breastfeeding, formula, complementary foods), and caregiver type.
  • Infant development was assessed using the Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST).

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of anemia among the studied infants was 11.8%.
  • Risk factors for anemia included premature birth (gestational age <37 weeks), birth during autumn/winter, exclusive breastfeeding, and lack of complementary foods.
  • Birth weight and caregiver type did not significantly affect anemia rates. DDST pass rates were similar between anemic and non-anemic infants.

Conclusions:

  • Key risk factors for infant anemia identified were: gestational age <37 weeks, exclusive breastfeeding, absence of complementary foods, and spring birth.
  • These findings highlight the importance of targeted interventions for at-risk infants.
  • No developmental deficits were detected by DDST in anemic infants at 6 months, underscoring the need for continued monitoring.

Keywords:
Denver Development Screen Test (DDST)feeding stylegrowth and developmentinfantsiron deficiency anemia

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