[Duodenal neuroendocrine tumors]

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology and Oncology
• Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors
• Surgical Oncology

Background:

• Increasing incidence of duodenal neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) observed in recent decades.
• Duodenal NETs exhibit diverse histological subtypes including gastrinoma, somatostatin-producing tumors, and others.
• Tumor localization predominantly in the bulb, postbulbar, and periampullary regions of the duodenum.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and summarize treatment strategies for duodenal neuroendocrine tumors.
• To guide optimal therapeutic decisions based on tumor characteristics.
• To address the challenge of limited personal surgical experience due to small patient cohorts.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature and clinical data on duodenal neuroendocrine tumors.
• Analysis of treatment outcomes based on tumor size, location, histology, and stage.
• Evaluation of endoscopic resection versus surgical resection approaches.

Main Results:

• Five main histological types of duodenal NETs identified, with gastrinoma being the most common.
• Endoscopic resection is considered suitable for small, inactive (G1) tumors located above the major duodenal papilla.
• Surgical resection is generally indicated for the majority of other duodenal neuroendocrine neoplasms.

Conclusions:

• Treatment selection for duodenal NETs necessitates a comprehensive assessment of tumor dimensions, location, histological type, and stage.
• A consolidated understanding of treatment outcomes is crucial for optimizing patient management.
• Further research and data aggregation are needed to refine treatment guidelines for these rare tumors.