Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 21, 2026
10:28
Interventional Diagnostic Procedure: A Practical Guide for the Assessment of Coronary Vascular Function
Published on: March 15, 2022
5.8K
Guiding Principles for Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Emmanouil S Brilakis1, Kambis Mashayekhi2, Etsuo Tsuchikane3
1Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, MN (E.S.B., M.N.B.).
Circulation
|July 30, 2019
Summary
Seven best practices for chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) improve outcomes. Adopting these principles, including advanced techniques and operator expertise, is crucial for successful CTO-PCI and better patient results.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Interventional Cardiology
Background:
- Outcomes for chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) have significantly improved due to advancements in equipment and techniques.
- Global collaboration has led to the identification of widely accepted best practices for CTO-PCI.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline 7 common principles that represent best practices for CTO-PCI.
- To emphasize the importance of these principles for achieving high success rates and managing complications.
Main Methods:
- Identification and synthesis of 7 guiding principles for CTO-PCI through global collaboration and knowledge sharing.
- Review of established techniques including dual coronary angiography, microcatheter use, antegrade and retrograde approaches, and lesion preparation.
Main Results:
- The 7 principles cover indications, planning, guidewire manipulation, crossing strategies, technique adaptation, operator expertise, and stenting.
- Experienced operators and centers adhering to these principles achieve high success and acceptable complication rates.
Conclusions:
- Widespread adoption of these 7 principles is essential for improving CTO-PCI outcomes.
- Further research, education, and training are needed to develop simpler, safer CTO crossing and revascularization strategies and enhance adoption by less experienced centers.
Related Concept Videos
04:08The Uncertainty Principle
31.4K
Werner Heisenberg considered the limits of how accurately one can measure properties of an electron or other microscopic particles. He determined that there is a fundamental limit to how accurately one can measure both a particle’s position and its momentum simultaneously. The more accurate the measurement of the momentum of a particle is known, the less accurate the position at that time is known and vice versa. This is what is now called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. He...
31.4K
01:49Hardy-Weinberg Principle
76.0K
Diploid organisms have two alleles of each gene, one from each parent, in their somatic cells. Therefore, each individual contributes two alleles to the gene pool of the population. The gene pool of a population is the sum of every allele of all genes within that population and has some degree of variation. Genetic variation is typically expressed as a relative frequency, which is the percentage of the total population that has a given allele, genotype or phenotype.
76.0K
03:06The Pauli Exclusion Principle
59.0K
The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom is called its electron configuration. We describe an electron configuration with a symbol that contains three pieces of information:
59.0K
01:03Nursing Interventions I: Taxonomy of Nursing Interventions
3.6K
Nursing interventions are chosen as part of the planning process to achieve patient outcomes. Once nursing diagnoses are determined, the goals and outcomes are specified, then the nursing interventions are selected and individualized according to the patient's situation.
A nursing intervention is a treatment or action based on scientific concepts and knowledge from the nursing, behavioral, and physical sciences. Identifying and prioritizing nursing interventions based on the desired outcome...
A nursing intervention is a treatment or action based on scientific concepts and knowledge from the nursing, behavioral, and physical sciences. Identifying and prioritizing nursing interventions based on the desired outcome...
3.6K
03:02The Aufbau Principle and Hund's Rule
72.3K
To determine the electron configuration for any particular atom, we can build the structures in the order of atomic numbers. Beginning with hydrogen, and continuing across the periods of the periodic table, we add one proton at a time to the nucleus and one electron to the proper subshell until we have described the electron configurations of all the elements. This procedure is called the aufbau principle, from the German word aufbau (“to build up”). Each added electron occupies the...
72.3K
01:29Nursing Interventions II: Selecting and Classifying the Nursing Interventions
3.1K
Creating and executing a nursing diagnosis helps nurses plan care and guide patient, family, and community interventions. They are developed based on a patient's physical evaluation and support measuring the outcomes. It is not recommended to select random interventions throughout the planning process. Instead, consider the following six essential factors when choosing interventions:
3.1K