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Electrical current is defined as the rate at which charge flows. When there is a large current present, such as that used to run a refrigerator, a large amount of charge moves through the wire in a small amount of time. If the current is small, such as that used to operate a handheld calculator, a small amount of charge moves through the circuit over a long period of time. The SI unit for current is the ampere (A), named for the French physicist André-Marie Ampère (1775–1836).
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Quantum tomography of electrical currents.

R Bisognin1, A Marguerite1, B Roussel2,3

  • 1Laboratoire de Physique de l' Ecole normale supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, 75005, France.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a quantum tomography protocol to extract electron and hole wavefunctions from electrical currents. This breakthrough enables complete characterization of electronic wavefunctions, advancing quantum information processing.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Nanoelectronics
  • Quantum Information Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Time-dependent electrical currents in quantum nanoelectronics are composed of elementary excitations with defined wavefunctions.
  • Extracting these electron and hole wavefunctions from electrical currents has been a significant challenge in quantum electronics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel quantum tomography protocol for extracting electron and hole wavefunctions from electrical currents.
  • To demonstrate the synthesis and complete characterization of electronic wavefunctions in conductors.

Main Methods:

  • The protocol combines two-particle interferometry with advanced signal processing techniques.
  • It analyzes electrical currents generated by trains of Lorentzian pulses carrying one or two electrons.

Main Results:

  • Successfully extracted generated electron and hole wavefunctions and their emission probabilities from electrical currents.
  • Demonstrated the protocol's capability using examples of single and double electron excitations.

Conclusions:

  • This work provides the first method for complete characterization of electronic wavefunctions in conductors.
  • Offers significant potential for quantum information processing and fundamental investigations in quantum physics.