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Related Concept Videos

Propagation of Action Potentials01:23

Propagation of Action Potentials

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The propagation of an action potential refers to the process by which a nerve impulse, or "action potential," travels along a neuron.
Neurons (nerve cells) have a resting membrane potential, with a slightly negative charge inside compared to outside. This is maintained by ion channels, such as sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) channels, which control the flow of ions. When a stimulus, like a touch or a signal from another neuron, triggers the neuron, sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to...
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Action Potential01:31

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Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
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Action Potential01:14

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Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
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Action Potentials01:41

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Overview
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Cardiac Action Potential01:30

Cardiac Action Potential

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Cardiac action potentials are essential for proper heart function, enabling the rhythmic contractions needed for adequate blood circulation. Nodal cells and Purkinje fibers, specialized for electrical conduction, generate these action potentials.
The cardiac action potential process involves a series of phases characterized by the movement of ions across the cardiac cell membranes, leading to the depolarization and repolarization of the cardiac myocytes.
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Action Potential: Phases of Stimulation01:28

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The action potential is a complex electrical event that occurs in excitable cells, such as neurons and muscle cells. It consists of several distinct phases, each with specific characteristics.
Resting Phase:
In this phase, the cell's membrane is at its resting potential, typically around -70 millivolts (mV) for neurons. Inside the cell, there is a higher concentration of potassium ions (K+) and a lower concentration of sodium ions (Na+). Voltage-gated sodium channels are closed, and...
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Optical Mapping of Action Potentials and Calcium Transients in the Mouse Heart
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Simulation of action potential propagation based on the ghost structure method.

Yongheng Wang1, Li Cai2,3, Xiaoyu Luo4

  • 1NPU-UoG International Cooperative Lab for Computation and Application in Cardiology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, China. wangyongheng91@mail.nwpu.edu.cn.

Scientific Reports
|July 31, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel ghost structure (GS) method accurately simulates cardiac electrical activity in complex heart models. This approach aids in understanding conditions like left bundle branch block (LBBB) and their impact on heart contraction.

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Area of Science:

  • Computational Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Numerical Analysis

Background:

  • Simulating cardiac electrophysiology requires accurate models for irregular domains.
  • Existing methods often necessitate complex grid regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate a ghost structure (GS) method for monodomain model simulation.
  • To assess the impact of left bundle branch block (LBBB) on cardiac action potential propagation and contraction.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a ghost structure (GS) method using finite difference for irregular domains.
  • Validated the GS method with the Fitzhugh-Nagumo monodomain model in various regions and states.
  • Simulated action potential (AP) propagation in healthy and LBBB human heart models.

Main Results:

  • The GS method accurately simulates AP propagation in stationary and moving irregular domains.
  • LBBB was shown to delay left ventricular contraction relative to the right ventricle.
  • Simulations revealed altered AP and calcium dynamics under LBBB conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The ghost structure (GS) method provides an efficient and accurate tool for cardiac electrophysiology simulations.
  • LBBB significantly disrupts synchronized ventricular contraction, impacting overall cardiac function.