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Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Microwave Assisted Rapid Diagnosis of Plant Virus Diseases by Transmission Electron Microscopy
Published on: October 14, 2011
Virus structures constrain transmission modes
Frederic D Bushman1, Kevin McCormick2, Scott Sherrill-Mix2
1Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. bushman@mail.med.upenn.edu.
Abstract:
Here we investigate links between the structures of viruses and routes of transmission. Viruses show a wide range of different structures, and the transmission of viruses between vertebrate hosts can take place through many different routes. We compiled a database of 243 virus-host combinations and report a statistical analysis that documents the associations between structures and routes of transmission-for example, viruses that are transmitted by the faecal-oral mode of infection are rarely enclosed in a lipid envelope.
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