Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Milk Collection in the Rat Using Capillary Tubes and Estimation of Milk Fat Content by Creamatocrit
Published on: December 16, 2015
Detection of aflatoxin M1 in milk and milk products in Turkey
Funda Yilmaz Eker1, Karlo Muratoglu2, Ayşe Gülin Eser3
1Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Avcilar, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey.
Abstract:
This study examined the presence of Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in raw milk, cheese, and cheese halva samples collected from the Çanakkale province of Turkey. Raw milk, Ezine cheese, and cheese halva samples (n 120 for each group, total 360) were collected from bazaars, local manufacturers, and supermarkets in the Çanakkale province of Turkey during 2014 and 2015. ELISA was used to detect AFM1 in these products. AFM1 mean values were 5.14-78.69, 19.43-158.30, and 50.25-213.50 ng/kg in raw milk, Ezine cheese, and cheese halva samples, respectively. The levels of AFM1 in four raw milk samples (3.3%) were above the legal limits, whereas AFM1 levels in Ezine cheese and cheese halva samples were within the legal limits according to the requirements of the Turkish Food Codex and the European Commission. Turkey has a wealth of cultures and local delicacies. Over previous decades, gastronomic tourism in Turkey has become popular owing to an increase in visitor demand, and traditional foods are being exported abroad. Our research investigated the presence of AFM1 in these types of food products. Çanakkale is one of the best representative cities in the Marmara Region in Turkey as a source of these unique products.
Related Concept Videos
Scalar Product (Dot Product)
The scalar product of two vectors is obtained by multiplying...
Vector Product (Cross Product)
Consider the cross product of two vectors. Imagine rotating the first vector about...
Wood Products
Glue-laminated wood, often referred to as glulam, combines multiple smaller pieces of dimensional lumber using adhesives to form a single, larger piece. Cross-laminated timber consists...
Dot Product
In engineering, the dot product of any two vectors is the product of the magnitudes of the vectors and the cosine of the angle between them. It is denoted by a dot symbol between the two vectors.
Consider a vehicle pulling an object along the ground using a rope. If the rope makes an angle with the horizontal axis, the work done can be calculated using the dot product of the force applied and the object's displacement.
The dot...
Cross Product
The magnitude of the cross product is obtained by multiplying the magnitude of both the vectors and the sine of the angle between them. This means that a larger angle between the vectors will lead to a greater magnitude of the cross product.
Primary Production

