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Related Concept Videos

Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Transcription Elongation Factors02:35

Transcription Elongation Factors

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Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA...
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Transcription Elongation Factors02:35

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General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Transcription01:10

Transcription

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Overview
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...
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Animal and Plant Cell Structure01:30

Animal and Plant Cell Structure

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Animal and plant cells not only differ in their structure, function, and mode of nutrition but also in how they reproduce, specialize, and organize into complex structures.
Cell Division
Though both plant and animal cells divide by mitosis (for non-gametic cells) and meiosis (for gametic cells), they differ in the specifics of this process. Unlike animal cells, plant cells lack centrosomes — an organelle responsible for organizing the spindle fibers and segregating the chromosomes during...
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Determination of Tripartite Interaction between Two Monomers of a MADS-box Transcription Factor and a Calcium Sensor Protein by BiFC-FRET-FLIM Assay
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Determination of Tripartite Interaction between Two Monomers of a MADS-box Transcription Factor and a Calcium Sensor Protein by BiFC-FRET-FLIM Assay

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Structural Basis for Plant MADS Transcription Factor Oligomerization.

Xuelei Lai1, Hussein Daher1, Antonin Galien1

  • 1Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CNRS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, INRA, IRIG, Grenoble, France.

Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal
|July 31, 2019
PubMed
Summary

MADS transcription factors (TFs) are crucial for plant development. This review details the structure of type II MADS TFs, focusing on the K domain

Keywords:
ArabidopsisFloral developmentMADS transcription factorsOligomerization

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Area of Science:

  • Plant molecular biology
  • Protein structure and function

Background:

  • MADS transcription factors (TFs) are essential DNA-binding proteins found across eukaryotes.
  • In plants, MADS TFs have undergone significant evolutionary expansion, with over 100 types identified in *Arabidopsis thaliana*.
  • All MADS TFs possess a conserved MADS (M) DNA-binding domain, with plant-specific auxiliary domains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the structure of type II MADS TFs in plants, known as MIKC-type TFs.
  • To focus on the Keratin-like (K) domain, a key module for protein oligomerization.
  • To explore factors influencing MADS TF oligomerization and specificity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on MADS TF structure and function.
  • Analysis of determining factors for MADS TF oligomerization.
  • Homology modeling to study MADS TF complex formation.

Main Results:

  • Type II MADS TFs possess Intervening (I) and Keratin-like (K) domains in addition to the C-terminal domain.
  • The K domain is critical for MADS TF oligomerization.
  • Secondary structural elements within the K domain are essential for oligomerization capability and specificity.

Conclusions:

  • The K domain's structure dictates MADS TF complex formation and specificity.
  • Understanding MADS TF structure provides insights into their roles in plant development, such as flower organ specification.
  • Further research is needed to address outstanding questions in the field of MADS TF biology.