Patient and Surgeon Candidacy for Transoral Endoscopic Thyroid Surgery

The transoral thyroidectomy (TT) is a feasible novel surgical procedure that does not need visible incisions, a truly cutaneous scar-free surgery. Inclusion criteria are (a) patients who have a ultrasonographically (US) estimated thyroid diameter not larger than 10 cm, (b) US estimated gland volume ≤45 mL, (c) nodule size ≤50 mm, (d) a benign tumor, such as a thyroid cyst, single-nodular goiter, or multinodular goiter, (e) follicular neoplasm, and (f) papillary microcarcinoma without evidence of metastasis. The procedure is carried out through a three-port technique placed at the oral vestibule; one 10-mm port for a 30° endoscope and two additional 5-mm ports for dissecting and coagulating instruments. CO₂ insufflation pressure is set at 6 mmHg. An anterior cervical subplatysmal space is created from the oral vestibule down to the sternal notch, laterally to the sternocleidomastoid muscle medial edges. TT is done fully endoscopically using conventional endoscopic instruments.