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Advanced X-ray CT scanning can boost tree ring research for earth system sciences.

Jan Van den Bulcke1,2, Marijn A Boone3, Jelle Dhaene2,4

  • 1UGent-Woodlab, Laboratory of Wood Technology, Department of Environment, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium.

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|July 31, 2019
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Summary

Advanced X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning enables high-throughput analysis of tree rings and wood traits. This method provides detailed data for global vegetation models and earth system science research.

Keywords:
X-ray CTcomputed tomographydeep learningdensitometryearth system sciencesincrement coresmultiscale imagingscanner simulationtree ring analysiswood traits

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Area of Science:

  • Earth System Science
  • Ecology
  • Wood Science

Background:

  • Tree rings serve as crucial archives for studying environmental changes over long timescales.
  • Tree-ring-based wood traits are essential inputs for global vegetation and earth system models.
  • Current methods for detailed tree-ring analysis require extensive data and spatial coverage, which is a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the potential of advanced X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning for high-throughput analysis of tree increment cores.
  • To showcase multiscale scanning capabilities for detailed mapping of tree rings and wood traits.
  • To provide standardized data suitable for automated analysis pipelines in earth system sciences.

Main Methods:

  • Increment cores from four temperate tree species were scanned using a state-of-the-art X-ray CT system at resolutions from 60 μm down to 4.5 μm.
  • Cell-level scanning was performed at 0.8 μm resolution on a splinter sample using a second X-ray CT system.
  • Calibration-free densitometry was illustrated on tropical tree species increment cores using full scanner simulation.

Main Results:

  • Multiscale X-ray CT scanning allows for detailed mapping of tree rings and wood traits without sample manipulation.
  • Custom sample holders facilitate simultaneous scanning of multiple cores for tree ring analysis and densitometry.
  • Standardized X-ray CT volumes are ideal for automated pipelines using neural-based learning for tree ring detection and wood trait measurements.

Conclusions:

  • Advanced X-ray CT scanning offers high-throughput processing of increment cores, yielding comprehensive ring width, density, and wood trait data.
  • This technique enables large-scale monitoring and modeling efforts with improved global coverage.
  • The method provides a pathway to generate the extensive datasets needed for advancing earth system sciences.