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Identification and Phylogenetic Characterization of Human Enteroviruses Isolated from Cases of Aseptic Meningitis in

Emanuelle Ramalho1,2, Ivanildo Sousa1, Fernanda Burlandy1

  • 1Laboratório de Enterovírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040900, Brazil.

Viruses
|August 1, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Human enteroviruses (EV) cause aseptic meningitis. This study identified 19 EV serotypes in Brazilian patients from 2013-2017, with Echovirus 30 and Echovirus 6 being most common, highlighting the need for EV surveillance.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Aseptic meningitis is frequently caused by human enteroviruses (EV).
  • Understanding the specific enteroviral strains causing meningitis is crucial for public health.
  • Previous studies in Brazil have not comprehensively characterized EV causing aseptic meningitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize enteroviruses responsible for aseptic meningitis outbreaks and sporadic cases in Brazil between 2013 and 2017.
  • To determine the prevalence and genetic relatedness of circulating enterovirus serotypes.
  • To analyze the epidemiological and seasonal patterns of enteroviral meningitis.

Main Methods:

  • Cerebrospinal fluid samples from 303 patients with aseptic meningitis were analyzed.
  • Enteroviruses were isolated using cell culture.
  • Enterovirus serotypes were identified by molecular methods and sequence analysis.

Main Results:

  • Human Enteroviruses (EV) were detected in 303 patients, with a median isolation rate of 12%.
  • Nineteen different enterovirus serotypes were identified in 295 specimens, predominantly from the HEV-B species.
  • Echovirus 30 (E-30) and Echovirus 6 (E-6) were the most prevalent genotypes, accounting for 66.8% of cases.
  • Sequence analysis indicated E-30 strains were related to those in other American countries, while E-6 strains appeared to originate from Europe.
  • Aseptic meningitis cases and EV-positive results showed a seasonal pattern, peaking in autumn.
  • The majority of affected patients were children aged 15 years or younger.

Conclusions:

  • Enteroviruses, particularly Echovirus 30 and Echovirus 6, are significant etiological agents of aseptic meningitis in Brazil.
  • The findings underscore the importance of ongoing enterovirus surveillance for neurological diseases in Brazil.
  • Understanding the geographic origin and genetic relatedness of circulating strains aids in predicting and managing outbreaks.
Keywords:
aseptic meningitisechovirus-30echovirus-6enterovirus

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