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Totally fluoroless retrograde intrarenal surgery technique in prestented patients: tips and tricks
E Emiliani1, G L Motta2, E Llorens3
1Urolithiasis Division, Fundació Puigvert, Barcelona, Spain.
Abstract:
Treatment of urolithiasis has evolved greatly as retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS) has gained popularity nowadays being a gold standard therapy for renal stones up to 2 cm. Endourological procedures are traditionally fluoroscopic guided; thus, an increasing concern is the harm of radiation exposure, especially in the pediatric population. Therefore, performing fluoroless RIRS should be a feasible option for pediatric urologists. Herein, we describe the technique of totally fluoroless RIRS in presented patients and the tips to avoid radiation use at most.
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