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Emergency contraception and impact on abortion rates.
1The Gatehouse, NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Ayrshire Central Hospital, United Kingdom.
Best Practice & Research. Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology
|August 1, 2019
Summary
Emergency contraception (EC) prevents unintended pregnancy. While highly safe, misconceptions limit access. Future strategies should boost copper-IUD use and improve oral EC effectiveness.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Health
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Emergency contraception (EC) prevents unintended pregnancy post-coitus.
- Common oral ECs include levonorgestrel and ulipristal acetate.
- Copper-bearing intrauterine devices (Cu-IUD) are the most effective EC method.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the effectiveness and accessibility of EC methods.
- To identify barriers to EC use and suggest future strategies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of EC efficacy and safety.
- Analysis of factors influencing EC uptake and population-level impact.
Main Results:
- EC is safe and effective for individuals but has not reduced population abortion rates.
- Limited access stems from misconceptions about EC mechanisms.
- Oral ECs are less effective than Cu-IUD and time-sensitive (pre-ovulation).
Conclusions:
- Enhance Cu-IUD adoption and regular contraception initiation post-EC.
- Address misconceptions to improve EC access.
- Develop more effective oral emergency contraception options.
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