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Hyperprolactinemia during cocaine withdrawal.

J Mendelson1, S Teoh, U Lange

  • 1Alcohol and Drug Abuse Research Center, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA 02178.

NIDA Research Monograph
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Cocaine abuse is linked to elevated prolactin levels in patients, potentially indicating a prolonged cocaine abstinence syndrome. This study observed hyperprolactinemia in most patients during withdrawal.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Addiction Medicine
  • Clinical Biochemistry

Background:

  • Prolactin secretion is modulated by dopaminergic pathways.
  • Cocaine's mechanism involves dopamine reuptake inhibition.
  • Potential link between cocaine use and endocrine system disruption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate plasma prolactin levels in patients with a history of cocaine abuse.
  • To explore the relationship between cocaine use severity and prolactin levels.
  • To determine if altered prolactin levels could serve as a marker for cocaine abstinence.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma prolactin levels were measured in 8 patients (7 males, 1 female) with documented cocaine abuse.
  • Measurements were taken 24-72 hours post-admission and prior to hospital discharge.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Correlation between prolactin levels, cocaine dosage, and withdrawal symptoms was assessed.

    • Main Results:

    • The mean prolactin level at admission was 20.58 ng/ml, with 4 patients showing hyperprolactinemia.
    • Mean prolactin levels increased to 31.7 ng/ml by discharge, with 5 patients exhibiting elevated levels.
    • Significant increases in prolactin correlated with higher weekly cocaine doses (6-8 gm).

    Conclusions:

    • Cocaine withdrawal may lead to rebound supersensitivity in prolactin secretion due to dopamine pathway disruption.
    • Elevated prolactin levels during withdrawal could be a biological marker for a protracted cocaine abstinence syndrome.
    • Further research is warranted to confirm prolactin as a reliable biomarker for long-term cocaine abstinence.