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Use of Label-free Optical Biosensors to Detect Modulation of Potassium Channels by G-protein Coupled Receptors
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Compact Grating-Coupled Biosensor for the Analysis of Thrombin.

Daria Kotlarek1, Mariia Vorobii2, Wojciech Ogieglo2

  • 1Biosensor Technologies , AIT-Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH , Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24 , 3430 Tulln an der Donau , Austria.

ACS Sensors
|August 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary

A novel optical biosensor detects thrombin in human blood plasma directly. This advanced platform uses specialized polymer brushes for enhanced specificity and sensitivity, paving the way for point-of-care diagnostics.

Keywords:
antifouling brushesaptamerbiosensorblood plasmagrating-coupled surface plasmon resonancepoint of caresurface plasmon resonancethrombin

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Thrombin detection is crucial for diagnosing and managing coagulation disorders.
  • Existing methods for thrombin detection often require sample pretreatment or labeling, limiting point-of-care applications.
  • Nonspecific adsorption of blood components can interfere with biosensor performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a compact optical biosensor for direct, label-free detection of thrombin in human blood plasma (HBP).
  • To create an antifouling surface modification for improved biosensor performance in complex biological samples.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of a portable device for rapid thrombin quantification.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized wavelength spectroscopy of diffraction-coupled surface plasmons on a corrugated gold film.
  • Developed an antifouling polymer layer of poly[(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide)-co-(carboxybetaine methacrylamide)] (poly(HPMA-co-CBMAA)) brushes.
  • Immobilized thrombin-specific aptamers onto the polymer brushes for selective analyte capture.

Main Results:

  • The poly(HPMA-co-CBMAA) brushes demonstrated superior resistance to nonspecific adsorption from HBP compared to standard surfaces.
  • Direct, label-free detection of thrombin was achieved in the medically relevant range of 1-20 nM.
  • No sample dilution or signal enhancement steps were required for analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The developed optical biosensor platform enables sensitive and specific detection of thrombin in undiluted human blood plasma.
  • The antifouling polymer brush surface is key to achieving high performance in complex biological matrices.
  • This technology represents a significant advancement towards portable, point-of-care diagnostic devices for coagulation monitoring.