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The Possible Causal Link of Periodontitis to Neuropsychiatric Disorders: More Than Psychosocial Mechanisms
Sadayuki Hashioka1, Ken Inoue2, Tsuyoshi Miyaoka3
1Department of Psychiatry, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan. hashioka@f2.dion.ne.jp.
Abstract:
Increasing evidence implies a possible causal link between periodontitis and neuropsychiatric disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and major depression (MD). A possible mechanism underlying such a link can be explained by neuroinflammation induced by chronic systemic inflammation. This review article focuses on an overview of the biological and epidemiological evidence for a feasible causal link of periodontitis to neuropsychiatric disorders, including AD, MD, Parkinson's disease, and schizophrenia, as well as the neurological event, ischemic stroke. If there is such a link, a broad spectrum of neuropsychiatric disorders associated with neuroinflammation could be preventable and modifiable by simple daily dealings for oral hygiene. However, the notion that periodontitis is a risk factor for neuropsychiatric disorders remains to be effectively substantiated.
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