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Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Development of Compendium for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Published on: April 12, 2024
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Increases PD-L1 Expression and CD8+ Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes in Esophageal Squamous
Eiji Fukuoka1, Kimihiro Yamashita2, Tomoko Tanaka1
1Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
Background/Aim:
The aim of this study was to investigate PD-L1 expression and its association with prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (5-fluorouracil and cisplatin, NAC-FP).
Patients And Methods:
Using a database of 69 ESCC patients, we analyzed PD-L1 expression on tumor cells (TCs) and immune cells (ICs), as well as the density of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in pretreatment biopsy specimens-versus-surgical specimens after resection. We determined the prognostic significance of these factors.
Results:
The fraction of ESCC containing ICs expressing PD-L1 and having a high CD8+ TIL density was significantly increased after neoadjuvant treatment. However, PD-L1 expression on TCs or ICs, and CD8+ TIL density, was not significantly associated with patient survival in ESCC patients.
Conclusion:
NAC-FP induced PD-L1 expression on ICs and CD8+ TILs in ESCC patients. This finding suggests that PD-1/PD-L1 blockade could be combined with NAC-FP to treat ESCC patients.
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