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The thioredoxin system and cancer therapy: a review

Fariba Mohammadi1,2, Arash Soltani1,2, Atefeh Ghahremanloo1

  • 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology
|August 2, 2019
PubMed

Insights

The thioredoxin (Trx) system aids cancer progression and drug resistance. Inhibiting Trx/TrxR shows promise as an anticancer strategy, offering new therapeutic avenues.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • The thioredoxin (Trx) system, comprising Trx, TrxR, and NADPH, is crucial for redox regulation and antioxidant defense.
  • Elevated Trx and TrxR levels are observed in many tumor cells, contributing to tumorigenesis and chemoresistance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the features and functions of the Trx system.
  • To explore the correlation between the Trx system and cancer development.
  • To summarize current knowledge on Trx/TrxR inhibitors as potential anticancer drugs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of the Trx system's role in cancer.
  • Analysis of Trx/TrxR expression in tumor cells.
  • Summary of natural and synthetic Trx/TrxR inhibitors.

Main Results:

  • The Trx system plays a significant role in cancer progression and drug resistance.
  • Inhibition of the Trx system can induce oxidative stress and apoptosis in cancer cells.
  • Various natural and synthetic compounds exhibit antitumor activity by targeting the Trx system.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting the Trx system presents a viable strategy for cancer therapy.
  • Trx/TrxR inhibitors hold potential as novel chemotherapeutic agents.
  • Further research into Trx/TrxR inhibitors could lead to improved cancer treatments.
Keywords:
CancerCancer therapyOxidative stressThioredoxinThioredoxin reductase

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