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Screening high-risk populations for colon and rectal cancers
Mark A Healy1, Selvi Thirumurthi2,3, Y Nancy You1,3
1Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
Journal of Surgical Oncology
|August 2, 2019
Summary
Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer death. Risk factors like hereditary syndromes, family history, and inflammatory bowel disease necessitate tailored screening strategies for early detection and prevention.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Gastroenterology
- Preventive Medicine
Background:
- Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant cause of cancer mortality in the United States.
- Several factors increase an individual's risk of developing CRC, including genetic predispositions and chronic inflammatory conditions.
- Effective screening protocols are crucial for early detection and improved patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline risk-stratified screening and surveillance recommendations for colorectal cancer.
- To address the specific needs of individuals with hereditary cancer syndromes, family history, and inflammatory bowel disease.
- To emphasize the importance of personalized screening based on individual risk factors.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature and guidelines on colorectal cancer screening and risk assessment.
- Analysis of risk factors including hereditary syndromes, family history, and inflammatory bowel disease.
- Development of tailored screening and surveillance strategies based on identified risk factors.
Main Results:
- Hereditary cancer syndromes require earlier and more frequent screening.
- Screening for familial risk should be guided by age of onset and number of affected relatives.
- Inflammatory bowel disease surveillance depends on colitis duration, severity, and extent.
Conclusions:
- Personalized screening protocols are essential for optimizing colorectal cancer prevention.
- Risk stratification based on hereditary syndromes, family history, and inflammatory bowel disease improves surveillance efficacy.
- Adherence to tailored screening guidelines can reduce colorectal cancer mortality.
Keywords:
APCadenomatous polyposis colicolonic neoplasmsearly detectiongeneshereditary nonpolyposisrectal neoplasmsscreeningMore Related Videos
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