Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 21, 2026
Postconditioning with Lactate-enriched Blood for Cardioprotection in ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Published on: May 28, 2019
Serum cystatin C levels relate to no-reflow phenomenon in percutaneous coronary interventions in ST-segment elevation
Chao Cheng1, Xiao-Bo Liu2, Shao-Jie Bi1
1Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
Insights
No-reflow after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) for ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is predicted by diabetes, longer pain-to-balloon times, and elevated Cystatin C levels. These factors can help identify high-risk STEMI patients upon admission.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Interventional Cardiology
- Biomarkers
Background:
- No-reflow is a frequent complication during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
- Identifying predictors for no-reflow is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify predictors of the no-reflow phenomenon in patients undergoing PPCI for acute anterior STEMI.
Main Methods:
- A study of 218 patients with acute anterior STEMI who underwent PPCI.
- No-reflow was defined as a coronary TIMI flow grade of ≤ 2.
- Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors.
Main Results:
- The no-reflow phenomenon occurred in 18% of patients.
- Predictors identified included diabetes, longer pain-to-balloon time, and higher Cystatin C (Cys-C) levels.
- Diabetes (OR=0.371), longer pain-to-balloon time (OR=1.147), and higher Cys-C (OR=10.07) were significant predictors.
Conclusions:
- Cystatin C may serve as a valuable predictor for no-reflow post-PPCI in STEMI patients.
- Elevated Cys-C levels on admission could help screen STEMI patients at high risk for no-reflow.
Background/Aim:
No-reflow is a serious and frequent event during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) for acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). The aim of this study was to identify possible predictors for no-reflow.
Patients And Methods:
We investigated 218 patients with acute anterior STEMI who underwent PPCI from December 2016 to December 2018. No-reflow was defined as a coronary TIMI flow grade of ≤ 2. TIMI flow grade 3 was defined as normal reflow.
Results:
In our study, the no-reflow phenomenon was observed in 39 patients (18%) during angiography. The patients of no-reflow group were found to be more older, diabetics, longer pain-to-balloon time, lower blood pressure, higher platelet counts and higher levels of D-Dimer and Cystatin C (Cys-C). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, only diabetes (OR = 0.371, 95% CI: 0.157-0.872, P = 0.023), longer pain-to-balloon time (OR = 1.147, 95% CI: 1.015-1.297, P = 0.028) and higher Cys-C level (OR = 10.07, 95% CI: 2.340-43.377, P = 0.002) were predictors for no-reflow.
Conclusion:
Cys-C might be a useful predictor for the no-reflow phenomenon after PPCI in STEMI patients. It might help to screen STEMI patients with high risk of no-reflow on admission.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:10Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon
03:12Freezing Point Depression and Boiling Point Elevation
The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which its vapor pressure is equal to ambient atmospheric pressure. Since the vapor pressure of a solution is lowered due to the presence of nonvolatile solutes, it stands to reason that the solution’s boiling point will subsequently be increased. Vapor pressure increases with temperature, and so a solution will require a higher temperature than will pure solvent to achieve any given vapor pressure, including one...
01:03Nursing Interventions I: Taxonomy of Nursing Interventions
A nursing intervention is a treatment or action based on scientific concepts and knowledge from the nursing, behavioral, and physical sciences. Identifying and prioritizing nursing interventions based on the desired outcome...
01:29Nursing Interventions II: Selecting and Classifying the Nursing Interventions
01:20Elevation of Intermediate Points on Vertical Curves
01:21Coronary Circulation
Coronary circulation begins at the base of the aorta, where two main arteries arise—the left and right coronary arteries. These arteries encircle the heart in the coronary sulcus and supply the...