Pertussis in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations: epidemiology and challenges

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Infectious Diseases
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Pertussis (whooping cough) is a highly contagious respiratory illness caused by Bordetella pertussis.
• Infants and young children face severe risks, and older individuals can transmit the disease to unprotected infants.
• Pertussis control has faltered in some highly vaccinated nations, leading to increased incidence and global concern.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review pertussis surveillance systems, control measures, and epidemiologic trends in Southeast Asia.
• To highlight the limited attention given to pertussis epidemiology in this region.
• To provide recommendations for improving pertussis surveillance and research in Southeast Asia.

Main Methods:

• This study employed a narrative review methodology.
• Literature search focused on pertussis surveillance, control, epidemiology, and research in Southeast Asia.
• Data synthesis and analysis of regional trends and research gaps were performed.

Main Results:

• Pertussis surveillance systems and control measures vary across Southeast Asia.
• Epidemiologic trends indicate a resurgence in some areas, yet comprehensive data is lacking.
• Region-specific pertussis research is limited, hindering effective control strategies.

Conclusions:

• There is a critical need to strengthen pertussis surveillance and research in Southeast Asia.
• Implementing enhanced national immunization programs and surveillance is crucial for controlling pertussis outbreaks.
• Further research is essential to understand and combat the resurgence of pertussis in the region.