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Related Experiment Video

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Measuring Pressure Volume Loops in the Mouse
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A high-pressure visual flow loop for hydrate blockage detection and observation.

Zheyuan Liu1, Mingjun Yang1, Hanquan Zhang2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Ocean Energy Utilization and Energy Conservation of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|August 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new high-pressure visual flow loop simulates natural gas pipeline conditions, enabling direct observation of gas hydrate formation and blockage. This tool aids in understanding and preventing hydrate issues during transport.

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Area of Science:

  • Petroleum Engineering
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Natural gas transportation relies heavily on pipelines, with over 65% globally utilizing this method.
  • Gas hydrate formation and subsequent pipeline blockages pose significant risks to safe and efficient transportation.
  • A lack of suitable instruments for simulating high-pressure multiphase flow and observing hydrate behavior under dynamic conditions hinders research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a high-pressure visual flow loop for observing gas hydrate nucleation, growth, and deposition in multiphase flow.
  • To investigate hydrate blockage initiation and evolution in various pipeline geometries (dead-leg, U-shaped, rising pipes) under simulated transportation conditions.
  • To assess the impact of operational changes, such as pump shut-down and restart, on flow behavior and hydrate formation.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of a high-pressure visual flow loop with operational limits of 8 MPa and -20 °C.
  • Integration of sensors for real-time monitoring of pressure and temperature changes along the pipeline.
  • Utilizing differential pressure measurements to quantify the extent of hydrate blockage.

Main Results:

  • The developed visual flow loop successfully demonstrated multiphase flow behavior and predicted hydrate blockage.
  • Direct observation of hydrate nucleation, growth, and deposition in different pipeline sections became possible.
  • The system effectively detected changes in differential pressure correlating with hydrate formation and blockage progression.

Conclusions:

  • The high-pressure visual flow loop is a feasible and valuable tool for studying gas hydrate blockage mechanisms in pipelines.
  • This device provides crucial insights into hydrate evolution under flowing conditions, aiding in the understanding of blockage phenomena.
  • The findings offer guidance for developing strategies to mitigate and avoid hydrate-related problems in natural gas transportation.