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Spatial release from informational masking declines with age: Evidence from a detection task in a virtual separation
Benjamin H Zobel1, Anita Wagner2, Lisa D Sanders1
1Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA.
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|August 3, 2019
Summary
Older adults show reduced spatial release from informational masking, impacting speech understanding in noisy environments. This age-related decline is independent of hearing loss.
Area of Science:
- Auditory Neuroscience
- Psychoacoustics
- Gerontology
Background:
- Complex listening environments pose challenges for older adults' speech comprehension.
- Spatial release from informational masking is crucial for segregating speech in noise.
- Age-related declines in auditory processing may affect spatial hearing abilities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if spatial release from informational masking declines with age.
- To investigate if age predicts this decline independently of hearing loss.
Main Methods:
- A target-detection task was administered to younger and older adults with age-typical hearing.
- Low-pass filtered noise-vocoded speech and a virtual spatial separation paradigm were used.
- Informational masking release was isolated by controlling for non-spatial segregation cues and hearing loss.
Main Results:
- Both age groups exhibited spatial release from informational masking.
- Older adults demonstrated a reduced spatial release compared to younger adults.
- Age significantly predicted the decline in spatial release, independent of hearing loss.
Conclusions:
- Spatial release from informational masking decreases with age.
- Aging-specific declines, not hearing loss, contribute to reduced spatial release.
- These findings highlight age-related limitations in auditory spatial processing.
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