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In vitro effect of fosfomycin on multi-drug resistant gram-negative bacteria causing urinary tract infections
Pallam Gopichand1, Girija Agarwal2, Mailan Natarajan1
1Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India.
Infection and Drug Resistance
|August 3, 2019
Summary
Fosfomycin effectively inhibited multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, including extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producers, and disrupted biofilm formation in urinary tract infections. This study highlights fosfomycin
Area of Science:
- Clinical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Antimicrobial Resistance
Background:
- Increasing antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae complicates treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs).
- Limited therapeutic options necessitate evaluation of alternative agents against resistant UTI pathogens.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the in-vitro efficacy of fosfomycin against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing UTIs.
- To evaluate fosfomycin's impact on biofilm formation by these resistant bacterial strains.
Main Methods:
- Agar dilution method was used to determine Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC50 and MIC90) for 326 MDR isolates.
- Tissue culture plate method assessed the capacity of MDR isolates to form biofilms in the presence of fosfomycin.
Main Results:
- Fosfomycin demonstrated 100% inhibition against E. coli, 70% against Klebsiella spp., 50% against Pseudomonas spp., and 40% against Enterobacter spp.
- These included strains producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, AmpC beta-lactamases, and carbapenemases.
- Fosfomycin significantly disrupted biofilm formation in E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Enterobacter spp.
Conclusions:
- Fosfomycin exhibits potent in-vitro activity against a range of MDR Gram-negative bacteria implicated in UTIs.
- Fosfomycin effectively inhibits biofilm formation by these multidrug-resistant organisms.
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