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Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

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The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
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In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...
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Understanding the motion of particles is a fundamental aspect of classical mechanics, and the choice of the coordinate system plays a pivotal role in unraveling the complexities of their dynamics.
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Spherical coordinate systems are preferred over Cartesian, polar, or cylindrical coordinates for systems with spherical symmetry. For example, to describe the surface of a sphere, Cartesian coordinates require all three coordinates. On the other hand, the spherical coordinate system requires only one parameter: the sphere's radius. As a result, the complicated mathematical calculations become simple. Spherical coordinates are used in science and engineering applications like electric and...
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Fast, efficient fragment-based coordinate generation for Open Babel.

Naruki Yoshikawa1, Geoffrey R Hutchison2

  • 1Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.

Journal of Cheminformatics
|August 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new fragment-based method accelerates molecular structure prediction for cheminformatics. This open-source Open Babel implementation enhances speed and stereochemical accuracy, benefiting drug design and materials science.

Keywords:
Coordinate generationFragmentsMolecular geometry

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Area of Science:

  • Computational chemistry
  • Cheminformatics
  • Molecular modeling

Background:

  • Accurate 3D molecular geometry prediction is vital for cheminformatics and molecular modeling.
  • Developing fast, accurate, and open-source tools is essential for reproducible research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce a novel fragment-based coordinate generation implementation for Open Babel.
  • Improve the speed and stereochemical accuracy of molecular structure prediction.

Main Methods:

  • Molecules are fragmented at rotatable bonds.
  • Fragment coordinates are generated using a library derived from crystallographic databases.
  • This approach determines multiple atom coordinates simultaneously.

Main Results:

  • The new implementation significantly accelerates coordinate prediction compared to previous methods.
  • It maintains or improves accuracy in bond lengths, angles, and dihedral torsions.
  • Enhanced stereochemical accuracy is achieved.

Conclusions:

  • The fragment-based approach offers a faster and more accurate method for 3D molecular structure prediction.
  • This open-source tool benefits cheminformatics research and applications like drug design and materials science.
  • The implementation integrates seamlessly with the Open Babel toolkit.