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Saksenaea infection masquerading as a brain tumor in an immunocompetent child
Shino Magaki1, Tanya Minasian2, Jane Bork3
1Department of Pathology, Loma Linda University Medical Center and School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California, USA.
Abstract:
Saksenaea species are a rare cause of mucormycosis, the majority associated with cutaneous and subcutaneous infections resulting from trauma in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. Unlike other causative agents of mucormycosis, cerebral infections are exceptionally rare. We describe the first case of isolated cerebral infection by Saksenaea in a 4-year-old previously healthy male child who presented with headaches. He had no past medical history other than an episode of febrile seizures. In addition to raising the awareness of an unusual presentation of infection by Saksenaea, this case highlights the importance of pathologic examination for the prompt diagnosis of mucormycosis as well as the specific fungal identification for treatment as Saksenaea spp. may be more susceptible to posaconazole and less susceptible to amphotericin B compared to more common causes of mucormycosis.
Insights
Saksenaea, a rare cause of mucormycosis, typically causes skin infections. This case details the first isolated cerebral infection by Saksenaea in a child, emphasizing diagnostic importance.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Infectious Diseases
- Neurology
Background:
- Mucormycosis is a serious fungal infection, usually caused by Zygomycetes.
- Saksenaea species are infrequently implicated, typically causing cutaneous/subcutaneous infections post-trauma.
- Cerebral infections are rare for Saksenaea species, unlike other mucormycosis agents.
Observation:
- A 4-year-old previously healthy male presented with headaches, indicative of an isolated cerebral infection.
- The patient had no significant medical history besides febrile seizures.
- Diagnostic challenges were noted due to the unusual presentation.
Findings:
- This case represents the first documented instance of isolated cerebral infection by Saksenaea species.
- Pathologic examination is crucial for timely mucormycosis diagnosis.
- Specific fungal identification guides targeted antifungal therapy.
Implications:
- Highlights the potential for Saksenaea to cause rare, severe central nervous system infections.
- Stresses the need for considering less common pathogens in unexplained neurological conditions.
- Informs treatment strategies, as Saksenaea may exhibit differential susceptibility to antifungals like posaconazole and amphotericin B.
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