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Related Concept Videos

Arteries of the Upper Limbs01:12

Arteries of the Upper Limbs

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The subclavian artery transitions into the axillary artery as it exits the chest and enters the axillary region. This artery is critical for supplying blood to the shoulder area, including the head of the humerus, through the humeral circumflex arteries. As the vessel continues into the upper arm or brachium, it becomes the brachial artery. This artery plays a key role in vascularizing the brachial region and bifurcates at the elbow into several branches. These branches include the deep...
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Veins of Upper Limbs01:17

Veins of Upper Limbs

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The human circulatory system, a marvel of biological engineering, is a complex network of vessels that transport blood throughout the body. Among these, the veins responsible for carrying blood from the upper limbs are divided into two categories: deep and superficial.
The deep venous system is primarily composed of the ulnar and radial veins. The ulnar vein, which drains the fingers through the superficial palmar venous arches, and the radial vein, which serves the palms via the deep palmar...
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

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The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna

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The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

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The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a...
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Arteries of Lower Limbs01:20

Arteries of Lower Limbs

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The external iliac artery transitions out of the body cavity, entering the femoral region of the lower leg, and is renamed the femoral artery at the point where it traverses the body wall. This artery is responsible for the distribution of blood to the thigh's deep muscles and the skin's ventral and lateral regions, achieved through several minor branches and the lateral deep femoral artery, which also spawns a lateral circumflex artery. The knee area receives blood from the genicular...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Upper Limb Rehabilitation in Stroke Patients Through Advanced Robotic and Neuromodulation Technologies
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Author Spotlight: Enhancing Upper Limb Rehabilitation in Stroke Patients Through Advanced Robotic and Neuromodulation Technologies

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Exploring the Capabilities of Harmony for Upper-Limb Stroke Therapy.

Ana C de Oliveira, Chad G Rose, Kevin Warburton

    IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [Proceedings]
    |August 4, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary

    The Harmony exoskeleton aids stroke survivors in upper-limb rehabilitation, enabling natural movement and personalized therapy. This study found the device safe and effective for clinical use, showing potential for improved motor function assessment.

    More Related Videos

    Author Spotlight: Enhancing Post-Stroke Upper Limb Rehabilitation with Robotic Technologies for Improved Motor Recovery and Functional Outcomes
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    The Combined Use of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Robotic Therapy for the Upper Limb
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    The Combined Use of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Robotic Therapy for the Upper Limb
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    The Combined Use of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Robotic Therapy for the Upper Limb

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    Area of Science:

    • Rehabilitation Engineering
    • Neurorehabilitation
    • Biomechanics

    Background:

    • Stroke often results in upper-limb motor deficits, necessitating effective rehabilitation strategies.
    • Current rehabilitation methods may lack the precision to assess and target specific motor impairments.
    • Exoskeleton technology offers potential for advanced, data-driven rehabilitation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the feasibility and safety of the Harmony bimanual upper-limb exoskeleton for post-stroke rehabilitation.
    • To assess the device's capability in facilitating natural arm movements and providing individualized therapy.
    • To explore Harmony's potential for motor function assessment and targeted intervention development.

    Main Methods:

    • A pilot study involving five stroke survivors using the Harmony exoskeleton for upper-limb rehabilitation.
    • Participants engaged in multijoint movement practice over seven hours of therapy.
    • Data collected included motion tracking, interaction forces, and participant-reported outcomes (stress, anxiety, pain).

    Main Results:

    • No adverse effects were reported by participants or the therapist during the rehabilitation sessions.
    • Donning and doffing times averaged 3.5 minutes and decreased with therapist experience.
    • The device facilitated movement practice and showed potential for identifying neuromuscular weakness and coordination patterns.

    Conclusions:

    • The Harmony exoskeleton is a feasible and safe device for clinical application in post-stroke upper-limb rehabilitation.
    • Preliminary results suggest potential for personalized therapy, enhanced motor function assessment, and patient engagement.
    • Further research with larger sample sizes is warranted to establish statistical significance and clinical impact.