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Morphologic changes in the visual cortex of patients with anisometropic amblyopia: a surface-based morphometry study.

Minglong Liang^1,2, He Xiao³, Bing Xie¹

¹Department of Radiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.

BMC Neuroscience

|August 4, 2019

Summary

Anisometropic amblyopia causes structural brain changes in the visual cortex, including thinner cortical thickness and altered curvature. These neuroanatomic impairments are bilateral in primary visual areas but unilateral in others.

Keywords:

Anisometropic amblyopia Cortical thickness FreeSurfer Mean curvature SBM Visual cortex

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Ophthalmology
Neuroimaging

Background:

Amblyopia is a neurodevelopmental disorder from abnormal early visual experiences.
Its neural basis and critical processing sites remain incompletely understood.
Few studies explored structural reorganization in the amblyopic visual cortex.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate cortical morphologic changes in anisometropic amblyopia.
To examine visual cortex structure using surface-based morphometry.
To assess parameters like cortical thickness, surface area, volume, and mean curvature.

Main Methods:

Utilized a validated surface-based method for cortical analysis.
Examined multiple parameters: cortical thickness, surface area, volume, and mean curvature.
Compared visual cortex morphology between patients with anisometropic amblyopia and controls.

Main Results:

Significantly thinner cortical thickness in bilateral V1, left V2, V3, V4, and V5/MT+.
Increased mean curvature in bilateral V1 compared to controls.
No significant differences in surface area or gray matter volume; cortical thickness correlated with anisometropia severity.

Conclusions:

Altered cortical thickness and mean curvature suggest neuroanatomic impairments in anisometropic amblyopia.
Structural changes are bilateral in the primary visual cortex (V1).
Secondary and higher visual areas show unilateral structural alterations.