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Analyses of molecular and histopathologic features and expression of PRAME by immunohistochemistry in mucosal

Aimi Toyama1, Lianne Siegel2, Andrew C Nelson3

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. toyama@umn.edu.

Modern Pathology : an Official Journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc
|August 4, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) and NRAS mutations are poor prognostic markers in mucosal melanoma. High PRAME expression and NRAS alterations correlate with worse outcomes, guiding future treatment strategies for this rare cancer.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Dermatology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Mucosal melanomas are rare, with limited understanding of their biomarkers compared to other melanoma types.
  • Preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) is a known prognostic factor in uveal melanoma, with therapeutic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify molecular and histopathologic prognosticators in mucosal melanoma.
  • To investigate the expression of PRAME and its correlation with prognosis in mucosal melanoma.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 29 mucosal melanoma cases.
  • Assessment of PRAME expression, histomorphologic features, and genetic mutations (BRAF, NRAS).

Main Results:

  • The majority of mucosal melanomas expressed PRAME, with high expression correlating with a poor prognosis.
  • No association was found between prognosis and histomorphologic features.
  • BRAF mutations were absent; NRAS mutations were detected in a subset of cases and associated with shorter overall survival.
  • NRAS mutations did not correlate with PRAME expression.

Conclusions:

  • Increased PRAME expression is a significant indicator of poor prognosis in mucosal melanoma.
  • Pathogenic NRAS mutations are associated with worse outcomes in mucosal melanoma.
  • Both PRAME expression and NRAS alterations serve as potential prognostic markers for mucosal melanoma.

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