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[Outcome studies on SGLT-2 inhibitors]

J Seufert1, K Laubner2

  • 1Abteilung Endokrinologie und Diabetologie, Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Medizinische Fakultät, Universität Freiburg, Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106, Freiburg, Deutschland. jochen.seufert@uniklinik-freiburg.de.

Der Internist
|August 4, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors show significant cardiovascular and renal benefits in type 2 diabetes patients. These drugs are recommended for patients with established cardiovascular disease, heart failure, or kidney disease.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors represent a novel class of oral antidiabetic drugs.
  • These drugs exert a unique mechanism of action within the kidneys to manage blood glucose levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the cardiovascular (CV) and renal effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors.
  • Analysis focused on outcome trials involving patients with type 2 diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Differential analysis and interpretation of results from major SGLT-2 inhibitor outcome trials.
  • Key drugs analyzed include empagliflozin, canagliflozin, and dapagliflozin in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Main Results:

  • Empagliflozin in EMPA-REG OUTCOME significantly reduced MACE, heart failure hospitalizations, renal endpoints, and mortality.
  • Canagliflozin in CANVAS and CREDENCE trials demonstrated significant reductions in MACE, heart failure hospitalizations, and renal endpoints.
  • Dapagliflozin in DECLARE-TIMI 58 showed significant reductions in a composite of CV death and heart failure hospitalization.

Conclusions:

  • SGLT-2 inhibitor outcome trials collectively demonstrate cardioprotective and nephroprotective benefits.
  • These benefits are evident in type 2 diabetes patients with high CV risk.
  • Current guidelines recommend SGLT-2 inhibitors as primary partners with metformin for specific patient groups.
Keywords:
Cardiovascular diseasesCardiovascular treatment outcomesDiabetes mellitus, type 2Kidney diseasesRenal treatment outcomes

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