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Latitudinal gradients as scientific tools for psychologists
Evert Van de Vliert1, Paul Am Van Lange2
1Department of Social and Organizational Psychology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
Current Opinion in Psychology
|August 4, 2019
Summary
Human functioning varies across latitudes, with distinct north-south gradients observed in cognitive ability, creativity, and social dynamics. These findings highlight the influence of latitude-related ecology on habitual mindsets and practices.
Area of Science:
- Cross-cultural psychology
- Human ecology
- Behavioral science
Background:
- Environmental factors like temperature and rainfall exhibit distinct latitudinal gradients.
- These gradients are mirrored in opposite directions above and below the equator.
- Previous research suggests potential north-south gradients in human functioning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and integrate contemporary research on north-south gradients in human functioning.
- To explain the observed latitudinal differences in cognitive ability, creativity, and social dynamics.
- To develop a framework for understanding the latitude-related ecology of mindsets and practices.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent publications and projects.
- Synthesis of findings related to cognitive ability, creativity, ingroup-outgroup dynamics, aggressiveness, life satisfaction, and individualism versus collectivism.
- Development of a latitudinal-tools matrix for further analysis.
Main Results:
- Evidence supports the existence of opposite north-south gradients in various aspects of human functioning.
- These gradients are observed in cognitive abilities, creativity, social behaviors, and cultural values.
- A framework is proposed to connect latitude-related ecology with habitual mindsets and practices.
Conclusions:
- Human functioning exhibits significant north-south latitudinal gradients.
- Environmental factors associated with latitude play a crucial role in shaping human cognition and behavior.
- Further research integrating ecological and psychological perspectives is warranted.
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