Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 21, 2026
A Neuronal and Astrocyte Co-Culture Assay for High Content Analysis of Neurotoxicity
Published on: May 5, 2009
Alcohol policy in Iran: Policy content analysis
Basma Al-Ansari1, Anne-Marie Thow2, Masoud Mirzaie3
1Addiction Medicine, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Muslim-majority countries (MMCs) face challenges developing alcohol policies. Iran, despite prohibition, adopted WHO-recommended interventions to reduce alcohol harms, adapting them to its unique context.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Health Policy
- Sociology
Background:
- Muslim-majority countries (MMCs) traditionally limit alcohol policy due to Islamic prohibitions.
- Increasing alcohol consumption and harms have led MMCs to implement diverse civil alcohol policies.
- Iran's alcohol policy development is examined as a case study amidst globalization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe how alcohol prohibition is translated into policy in Iran.
- To analyze Iran's approach to alcohol policy in response to rising consumption and harms.
- To understand the influences of globalization on alcohol policy in a Muslim-majority country.
Main Methods:
- Information gathered from public literature and policy documents in English and Persian.
- Data verified through consultations with policy actors.
- Analysis of policy content using WHO recommendations and the Walt & Gilson health framework.
Main Results:
- Iran adopted nine of ten WHO-recommended alcohol policy interventions, excluding pricing.
- Civil prohibition with concessions for non-Muslims is Iran's approach.
- Contextual challenges like resources, stigma, and cultural offense influenced policy development.
Conclusions:
- MMCs encounter significant challenges in establishing civil alcohol policies.
- Iran has implemented a national alcohol strategy to mitigate alcohol-related harms.
- Socio-cultural, governance, and historical factors shaped Iran's adoption of WHO policy interventions.
More Related Videos
08:45Modeling Alcohol Consumption in Rodents Using Two-Bottle Choice Home Cage Drinking and Microstructural Analysis
Published on: November 8, 2024
07:31Murine Drinking Models in the Development of Pharmacotherapies for Alcoholism: Drinking in the Dark and Two-bottle Choice
Published on: January 7, 2019
Related Concept Videos
02:37Oxidation of Alcohols
The process of oxidation in a chemical reaction is observed in any of the three forms:
02:16Stereotype Content Model
02:29Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis
Ethers can be prepared from organic compounds by various methods. Some of them are discussed below,
Preparation of Ethers by Alcohol Dehydration
In this method, in the presence of protic acids, alcohol dehydrates to produce alkenes and ethers under different conditions. For example, in the presence of sulphuric acid, dehydration of ethanol at 413 K yields ethoxyethane, whereas it yields ethene at 443 K.
02:31Protection of Alcohols
Protection
It defines a protecting group as the masking agent to make the more reactive species inert to a given set of conditions. This concept is depicted via the illustration of liquid flow through different outlets in an assembly of pipes. The analogy helps to understand the role...
01:38Preparation of Alcohols via Substitution Reactions
Alcohols can be synthesized from alkyl halides via nucleophilic substitution reactions. The highly polar carbon-halogen bond in the substrate makes halide a good leaving group. The hydroxide ion or water can act as a nucleophile to take the place of halide and form an alcohol. The substitution reactions occur via two different reaction pathways, SN1 or SN2, depending on the nature of carbon attached to the halide.
Primary alcohols are synthesized from primary alkyl halides, and the...
01:17Esters to Alcohols: Hydride Reductions
Lithium aluminum hydride is a source of hydride ions and functions as a nucleophile. The mechanism proceeds in three steps. Firstly, the nucleophilic hydride ion attacks the carbonyl carbon of the ester to form a tetrahedral intermediate. Subsequently, the carbonyl group re-forms,...