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Chronic ketamine abuse is associated with orexin-A reduction and ACTH elevation
Ming-Chyi Huang1,2,3, Chun-Hsin Chen3,4, Lian-Yu Chen1,5
1Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, 309, Song-De Road, Xinyi District, Taipei City, 110, Taiwan.
Psychopharmacology
|August 5, 2019
Summary
Chronic ketamine abuse is linked to reduced orexin-A and altered stress hormones in early abstinence. These neurochemical changes may offer new targets for treating ketamine addiction.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Endocrinology
- Addiction Research
Background:
- Ketamine abuse is a global issue.
- The orexin system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis are implicated in reward processing and stress response.
- Understanding these systems is crucial for addressing ketamine dependence.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of orexin and stress hormones in chronic ketamine abuse.
- To explore neurochemical changes during early abstinence from ketamine.
Main Methods:
- Recruited 67 ketamine-dependent patients and 64 controls.
- Measured orexin-A, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and cortisol levels at baseline and during 2 weeks of abstinence.
- Assessed ketamine craving, depression, and anxiety in patients.
Main Results:
- Ketamine-dependent patients showed lower orexin-A and higher ACTH levels at baseline compared to controls.
- Orexin-A, ACTH, and cortisol levels did not change significantly during abstinence.
- Higher anxiety in patients correlated with lower orexin-A and higher cortisol.
Conclusions:
- Ketamine dependence is associated with persistent orexin-A reduction and stress hormone dysregulation.
- Anxious phenotypes in ketamine dependence may involve lower orexin-A.
- These findings highlight potential neurochemical targets for ketamine addiction treatment.
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