Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 21, 2026
11:46
Axon Stretch Growth: The Mechanotransduction of Neuronal Growth
Published on: August 10, 2011
17.7K
Caveolin-1 Phosphorylation Is Essential for Axonal Growth of Human Neurons Derived From iPSCs
Shanshan Wang1,2, Zheng Zhang1,2, Angels Almenar-Queralt3
1Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, United States.
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
|August 6, 2019
Summary
Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) phosphorylation is crucial for human neuronal growth. This study shows Cav-1 phosphorylation promotes axonal development in differentiating neurons, essential for neuroplasticity in developmental disorders.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cell Biology
- Developmental Biology
Background:
- Axonal growth and guidance are vital for neuron development and differentiation.
- Aberrant neuronal development is linked to neurological disorders like autism and Down syndrome.
- Identifying molecular targets can restore neuroplasticity in neurodevelopmental disorders.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) phosphorylation in human neuronal growth and differentiation.
- To explore the relationship between Rac1/Cdc42 signaling and Cav-1 in axonal development.
- To identify molecular targets for improving neuroplasticity in neurodevelopmental disorders.
Main Methods:
- Utilized differentiated human neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs) from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
- Employed neuron-targeted overexpression of constitutively active Rac1 (Rac1CA), Cdc42 (Cdc42CA), and Cav-1 (SynCav1).
- Assessed the impact of Cav-1(Y14A) phosphorylation inhibition on axonal growth and differentiation.
Main Results:
- Overexpression of Rac1CA, Cdc42CA, and SynCav1 enhanced axonal growth in human NPCs.
- SynCav1-mediated axonal growth was dependent on phosphorylated Cav-1 (P-Cav-1).
- Inhibition of Cav-1 phosphorylation (Y14A) impaired Rac1/Cdc42-mediated axonal growth and NPC differentiation.
Conclusions:
- Phosphorylated Cav-1 (P-Cav-1) is essential for axonal growth during early human NPC differentiation.
- Rac1/Cdc42-mediated neuronal growth is partially dependent on P-Cav-1.
- Cav-1 phosphorylation is a key regulator of human neuronal axonal development.
Related Concept Videos
01:02Phosphorylation
53.7K
The addition or removal of phosphate groups from proteins is the most common chemical modification that regulates cellular processes. These modifications can affect the structure, activity, stability, and localization of proteins within cells as well as their interactions with other proteins.
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
53.7K
01:25Compounds Essential to Human Function
10.0K
The human body is composed of cells that are fundamentally made up of several different molecules. These molecules are essential to carry out all physiological processes in the body and are broadly classified into organic and inorganic based on their chemical structures.
Inorganic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning
Inorganic compounds essential to human functioning include water, salts, acids, and bases. These compounds are inorganic, i.e., they do not have a carbon-hydrogen bond. Water...
Inorganic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning
Inorganic compounds essential to human functioning include water, salts, acids, and bases. These compounds are inorganic, i.e., they do not have a carbon-hydrogen bond. Water...
10.0K
01:21Neurons: The Axon
7.0K
Axons are long, cytoplasmic processes of nerve cells capable of propagating electrical impulses known as action potentials. The cytoplasm or axoplasm of an axon contains neurofibrils, neurotubules, small vesicles, lysosomes, mitochondria, and various enzymes, all encased within the axolemma, the plasma membrane of the axon.
The axon attaches to the cell body at a cone-shaped elevation called the axon hillock. The initial part of the axon, closest to the hillock, is known as the initial segment....
The axon attaches to the cell body at a cone-shaped elevation called the axon hillock. The initial part of the axon, closest to the hillock, is known as the initial segment....
7.0K
01:31Essential Minerals for Bone Health
6.1K
The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
6.1K
01:31Lipid-derived Compounds in the Human Body
6.3K
Fats and lipids are crucial components in the human body. Some lipid-derived compounds, such as fat-soluble vitamins, eicosanoids, lipoproteins, and glycolipids, also play unique roles to support various biological processes .
Fat-soluble Vitamins
Fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are required in minimal quantities, but their deficiencies can lead to severely abnormal physiological conditions. For example, vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness, dry skin,...
Fat-soluble Vitamins
Fat-soluble vitamins, including vitamins A, D, E, and K, are required in minimal quantities, but their deficiencies can lead to severely abnormal physiological conditions. For example, vitamin A deficiency can cause night blindness, dry skin,...
6.3K
00:57Population Growth
28.0K
Population size is dynamic, increasing with birth rates and immigration, and decreasing with death rates and emigration. In ideal conditions with unlimited resources, populations can increase exponentially, which plots as a J-shaped growth rate curve of population size against time. This type of curve is characteristic of newly-introduced invasive species, or populations that have suffered catastrophic declines and are rebounding.
28.0K