Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Confirmation Biases01:31

Confirmation Biases

8.0K
The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
8.0K
Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

4.2K
Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
4.2K
Bias01:22

Bias

7.2K
Bias refers to any tendency that prevents a question from being considered unprejudiced. In research, bias occurs when one outcome or answer is selected or encouraged over others in sampling or testing. Bias can occur during any research phase, including study design, data collection, analysis, and publication.
In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population, and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member...
7.2K
Diode: Forward bias01:20

Diode: Forward bias

2.1K
In semiconductor devices, diodes play a crucial role in directing current flow, and its operation is primarily categorized into forward bias and reverse bias. A diode is said to be forward-biased when its p-type region is connected to the positive terminal of a battery and its n-type region is linked to the negative terminal. This configuration reduces the potential barrier within the diode, allowing current to flow easily from the p to the n-type region.
The behavior of a diode in forward bias...
2.1K
Biasing of FET01:22

Biasing of FET

686
Biasing a Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET) is crucial for setting operational parameters and ensuring efficient functioning in electronic circuits. JFETs are characterized by using a single carrier type in N-channel or P-channel configurations, where the channel is surrounded by PN junctions. These junctions are central to the device's ability to control current flow.
In an N-channel JFET, the structure consists of N-type material forming the channel on a P-type substrate, with the...
686
Biasing of P-N Junction01:16

Biasing of P-N Junction

1.9K
The operation of a p-n junction diode involves various biasing conditions, including forward bias, reverse bias, and equilibrium.
In equilibrium, no external voltage is applied across the p-n junction. The depletion region is formed at the junction interface due to the diffusion of carriers, which leaves behind charged dopants, acceptors on the p-side, and donors on the n-side. These immobile charges create an electric field that prevents further diffusion of carriers. The related energy band...
1.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mental simulation of the approximal future: Imagining what might happen next.

Journal of experimental psychology. General·2024
Same author

On pattern completion, cues and future-oriented cognition.

The Behavioral and brain sciences·2023
Same author

Predicting and mitigating fatigue effects due to sleep deprivation: A review.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2022
Same author

A tale of two cultural life scripts: do young second-generation Turkish immigrants versus young Danes in Denmark perceive life through different cultural lenses?

Memory (Hove, England)·2021
Same author

The devil is in the details: Comparisons of episodic simulations of positive and negative future events.

Emotion (Washington, D.C.)·2017

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Assessment of Mouse Judgment Bias through an Olfactory Digging Task
12:10

Assessment of Mouse Judgment Bias through an Olfactory Digging Task

Published on: March 4, 2022

3.1K

A negativity bias in detail generation during event simulation.

Vannia A Puig1, Müge Özbek2, Karl K Szpunar1

  • 1Department of Psychology.

Emotion (Washington, D.C.)
|August 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Novel negative events are simulated with greater detail than positive events, regardless of personal relevance. This negative event detail bias suggests negative valence drives more specific future event simulations.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Development of an Automated Camera-Based System for Real-Time Blast Overpressure Monitoring and TBI Risk Assessment in Military Training
06:20

Author Spotlight: Development of an Automated Camera-Based System for Real-Time Blast Overpressure Monitoring and TBI Risk Assessment in Military Training

Published on: December 6, 2024

3.2K
Generating Transposon Insertion Libraries in Gram-Negative Bacteria for High-Throughput Sequencing
08:19

Generating Transposon Insertion Libraries in Gram-Negative Bacteria for High-Throughput Sequencing

Published on: July 7, 2020

11.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Assessment of Mouse Judgment Bias through an Olfactory Digging Task
12:10

Assessment of Mouse Judgment Bias through an Olfactory Digging Task

Published on: March 4, 2022

3.1K
Author Spotlight: Development of an Automated Camera-Based System for Real-Time Blast Overpressure Monitoring and TBI Risk Assessment in Military Training
06:20

Author Spotlight: Development of an Automated Camera-Based System for Real-Time Blast Overpressure Monitoring and TBI Risk Assessment in Military Training

Published on: December 6, 2024

3.2K
Generating Transposon Insertion Libraries in Gram-Negative Bacteria for High-Throughput Sequencing
08:19

Generating Transposon Insertion Libraries in Gram-Negative Bacteria for High-Throughput Sequencing

Published on: July 7, 2020

11.3K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Individuals often simulate future events to prepare for them.
  • Previous research suggests a bias towards simulating novel negative events in greater detail than positive events.
  • It remains unclear if this bias is tied to personal relevance or negative valence itself.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether the negative event detail bias extends to nonpersonal events.
  • To determine if negative valence alone, independent of personal relevance, enhances simulated event detail.
  • To explore the role of negative valence in the elaboration of future event simulations.

Main Methods:

  • Participants (N=?) across two experiments simulated novel negative and positive future events.
  • Events were situated in personal futures, acquaintance futures, or familiar-non-contact futures.
  • Subjective arousal ratings were collected for simulated events.

Main Results:

  • Novel negative events were consistently simulated with more event-specific detail than novel positive events.
  • This pattern held true for both personal and nonpersonal event simulations.
  • The enhanced detail for negative events persisted even when arousal levels did not differ between positive and negative events.

Conclusions:

  • Negative valence appears to be a key factor driving the detailed elaboration of novel negative future events.
  • The negative event detail bias is not limited to personal event simulations.
  • Findings contribute to understanding event simulation's role in adaptive behavior and future-oriented cognition.