Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Polymers02:34

Polymers

40.5K
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
40.5K
Polymers02:34

Polymers

23.2K
23.2K
VSEPR Theory and the Basic Shapes02:52

VSEPR Theory and the Basic Shapes

84.0K
Overview of VSEPR Theory
84.0K
Work Done on a System by External Force01:11

Work Done on a System by External Force

2.9K
The work done by an external force on a particle changes its kinetic energy. However, internal forces must also be considered for a system of interacting particles. The potential energy formulation helps formulate the effect of internal forces. The net work done by an external force can be written in terms of the total change of mechanical energy, which includes both kinetic and potential energies.
In the presence of a non-conservative opposing force, like friction, some part of the work done...
2.9K
Molecular Shape and Polarity03:37

Molecular Shape and Polarity

74.4K
Dipole Moment of a Molecule
74.4K
Multiple Allele Traits01:49

Multiple Allele Traits

38.0K
The Concept of Multiple Allelism
38.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Shape Memory Elastomers: A Review of Molecular Structures, Stimulus Mechanisms, and Emerging Applications.

Polymer science & technology (Washington, D.C.)·2026
Same author

Reversibly Interlocked Macromolecular Networks Unlock a Stretchable, Self-Healing Polymer With Ultra-High White-Light Quantum Yield.

Macromolecular rapid communications·2026
Same author

Reversibly interlocked networks defy the strength-stiffness-damping trade-off for adaptive structural adhesives.

Journal of colloid and interface science·2026
Same author

Biomimetic Intelligent Polymer with Synchronous Color and Shape Responses and Its Application in Soft Robots and Actuators.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2025
Same author

Ultra-Long Life Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by 3D-Printing of Integrated Porous Cathode/Composite Polymer Electrolyte with Dynamic Covalent Bonds.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2025
Same author

Flexible Fibrous Visible Light Sensors Based on Spiropyran for Wearable Devices, Electronic Skins, and Thermal Management Fabrics.

Small science·2025
Same journal

Removal of Codispersible Residual Impurities from CuInS<sub>2</sub>/ZnS Quantum Dots for Window-Replaceable Luminescent Solar Concentrators.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same journal

Durable Core-Shell Scatterer Coating with Heat Storage for Radiative Cooling.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same journal

Calix[6]arene-Based Interlocked Inverse Vulcanizate Enabling Network-Interface Cooperative Reinforcement in Natural Rubber/Carbon Black Composites.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same journal

Resolving Thermal Accumulation and Rigid-Soft Interface Mismatch in Stretchable Electronics with Cubic Boron Nitride Composite Islands.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same journal

Enhancing Conversion Reversibility and Initial Coulombic Efficiency of SnO<sub>2</sub> Anodes via NiO/Ni-Carbon Interfacial Design.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same journal

Multidimensional Interface Structure Design for High-Efficiency Optically Controlled Semiconductor Devices: A Case Study on Memristive Synapses.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Shape Memory Polymers for Active Cell Culture
10:53

Shape Memory Polymers for Active Cell Culture

Published on: July 4, 2011

13.9K

External Stress-Free Reversible Multiple Shape Memory Polymers.

Ya Nan Huang1, Long Fei Fan2, Min Zhi Rong1

  • 1Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, GD HPPC Lab, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|August 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel two-way triple shape memory polymers (SMPs) using polyurethane with crystalline polytetrahydrofuran and poly(ε-caprolactone). This design enables repeatable multiple shape memory effects for soft robots and actuators.

Keywords:
hydrogen bondsmultiple shape memory polymerpolyurethanereversible shape memory effecttwo-way shape memory effect

More Related Videos

Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold
09:37

Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold

Published on: October 23, 2015

13.4K
Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation
11:11

Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation

Published on: May 2, 2016

11.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 21, 2026

Shape Memory Polymers for Active Cell Culture
10:53

Shape Memory Polymers for Active Cell Culture

Published on: July 4, 2011

13.9K
Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold
09:37

Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold

Published on: October 23, 2015

13.4K
Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation
11:11

Experimental Methods for Investigation of Shape Memory Based Elastocaloric Cooling Processes and Model Validation

Published on: May 2, 2016

11.6K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are advanced materials capable of recovering their original shape when exposed to a stimulus.
  • Two-way shape memory effects allow materials to return to a secondary shape upon removal of the stimulus, a significant advancement over traditional one-way SMPs.
  • Achieving multiple shape recovery (triple shape memory) and external stress-free programming remains a challenge in SMP development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and prepare novel external stress-free two-way triple shape memory polymers (SMPs).
  • To investigate the role of crystalline polytetrahydrofuran (PTMEG) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) as switching phases in polyurethane-based SMPs.
  • To establish an internal stress provider through hydrogen bond networks for efficient shape recovery and overcome stress relaxation issues.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of polyurethane prepolymers incorporating crystalline PTMEG and PCL as switching phases.
  • Cross-linking of prepolymers and incorporation of 2-amino-5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methylpyrimidin-4-ol (UPy) to form hydrogen bonds.
  • Programming of shape memory behavior via stretching at different temperatures to convert hydrogen bonds into an internal stress provider.

Main Results:

  • Successfully developed cross-linked polyurethane SMPs exhibiting two-way triple shape memory effects.
  • Demonstrated that hydrogen bond networks act as an effective internal stress provider, enhancing stress transfer and overcoming PTMEG's stress relaxation.
  • Tuned contraction force of switching phases to match internal tensile stress, enabling efficient collaboration for repeated shape recovery.

Conclusions:

  • The developed SMPs can reversibly morph among three shapes, showcasing potential for soft robots and actuators.
  • The strategy offers advantages of accessible raw materials, simple synthesis, and facile programming/deprogramming/reprogramming.
  • This approach provides a versatile platform for creating advanced shape memory materials with broad applicability.