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Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

Structural Joints: Fibrous Joints

Fibrous joints are a type of joint where the bones are connected by fibrous connective tissue. These joints provide stability and minimal to no movement between the articulating bones. There are three types of fibrous joints.
Suture
All the bones of the skull, except for the mandible, are joined to each other by a fibrous joint called a suture. The fibrous connective tissue found at a suture strongly unites the adjacent skull bones and thus helps to protect the brain and form the face. In...

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
Synchondrosis
A synchondrosis ("joined by cartilage") is a cartilaginous joint where bones are connected by hyaline cartilage. Synchondrosis may be temporary...

Joints

Joints

Joints, also called articulations or articular surfaces, are points at which ligaments or other tissues connect adjacent bones. Joints permit movement and stability, and can be classified based on their structure or function.
Structural joint classifications are based on the material that makes up the joint as well as whether or not the joint contains a space between the bones. Joints are structurally classified as fibrous, cartilaginous, or synovial.
Fibrous Joints Are Immovable
The bones of a...

Introduction to Joints

Introduction to Joints

The adult human body usually has 206 bones, and except for the hyoid bone in the neck, each bone is connected to at least one other bone. Joints are the location where bones come together. Many joints allow for movement between the bones. At these joints, the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones can move smoothly against each other. However, the bones of other joints may be joined by connective tissue or cartilage. These joints are designed for stability and provide little or no...

Ankle Joint

Ankle Joint

The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 21, 2026

In situ Compressive Loading and Correlative Noninvasive Imaging of the Bone-periodontal Ligament-tooth Fibrous Joint

In situ Compressive Loading and Correlative Noninvasive Imaging of the Bone-periodontal Ligament-tooth Fibrous Joint

Published on: March 7, 2014

Proximal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis using a compression wire: A comparative biomechanical study.

H C Vonderlind¹, A Zach², F Eichenauer³

¹Center for Hand and Functional Microsurgery, University Medicine Greifswald, Sauerbruchstraße, 17475 Greifswald, Germany; European Medical School, University Hospital for Orthopedics and Traumatology, Klinikum Oldenburg, Rahel-Straus-Str., 10, 26133 Oldenburg, Germany.

Hand Surgery & Rehabilitation

|August 6, 2019

Summary

A biomechanical study found that compression wire arthrodesis is a feasible surgical option for proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint fusion, offering comparable stability to intraosseous wiring.

Keywords:

Arthrodèse de l’articulation interphalangienne proximale Biomechanical study Brochage intra-osseux Compression wire Fil de compression Interphalangeal arthrodesis Intraosseous wiring Étude biomécanique

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A Friction Testing-Bioreactor Device for Study of Synovial Joint Biomechanics, Mechanobiology, and Physical Regulation

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Preparation of Rat Tail Tendons for Biomechanical and Mechanobiological Studies

Preparation of Rat Tail Tendons for Biomechanical and Mechanobiological Studies

Published on: July 30, 2010

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Last Updated: Jan 21, 2026

In situ Compressive Loading and Correlative Noninvasive Imaging of the Bone-periodontal Ligament-tooth Fibrous Joint

In situ Compressive Loading and Correlative Noninvasive Imaging of the Bone-periodontal Ligament-tooth Fibrous Joint

Published on: March 7, 2014

A Friction Testing-Bioreactor Device for Study of Synovial Joint Biomechanics, Mechanobiology, and Physical Regulation

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Published on: June 2, 2022

Preparation of Rat Tail Tendons for Biomechanical and Mechanobiological Studies

Preparation of Rat Tail Tendons for Biomechanical and Mechanobiological Studies

Published on: July 30, 2010

Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Biomechanics
Hand Surgery

Background:

Arthrodesis of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint is a standard surgical procedure for various conditions, including osteoarthritis.
Several surgical techniques exist for PIP joint arthrodesis, with varying biomechanical properties.
Understanding the stability of different fixation methods is crucial for successful surgical outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To biomechanically compare the stability of compression wire arthrodesis versus intraosseous wiring for PIP joint fusion.
To evaluate the feasibility of using a compression wire for PIP joint arthrodesis.

Main Methods:

Seventeen formalin-fixed human finger specimens were used.
Specimens were randomly assigned to either compression wire (n=8) or intraosseous wiring (n=9) for 20° flexion arthrodesis.
Bone mineral density was determined, and construct stability was assessed by applying tensile bending force until failure.

Main Results:

The mean failure force for compression wire arthrodesis (76.2N) was not significantly different from intraosseous wiring (63.0N).
No correlation was found between bone mineral density and the force required to cause failure.
Compression wire constructs demonstrated comparable stability to intraosseous wiring under tensile bending load.

Conclusions:

Compression wire arthrodesis provides biomechanical stability comparable to intraosseous wiring for PIP joint fusion.
A compression wire is a feasible fixation option for proximal interphalangeal joint arthrodesis from a biomechanical perspective.