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Mayaro as a Caribbean traveler: Evidence for multiple introductions and transmission of the virus into Haiti

Gabriela Blohm1, Maha A Elbadry1, Carla Mavian2

  • 1Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.

International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
|August 6, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Mayaro virus (MAYV) infections were found in Haitian schoolchildren, indicating potential spread. The findings highlight the need for surveillance in the Caribbean and North America.

Area of Science:

  • Arbovirology
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Mayaro virus (MAYV), a mosquito-borne alphavirus, is increasingly detected in South America.
  • Ongoing surveillance is crucial for understanding arbovirus transmission dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize Mayaro virus infections within a school cohort in Haiti.
  • To investigate the genetic diversity and introduction pathways of MAYV in Haiti.

Main Methods:

  • Active surveillance of a school cohort over a 7-month period.
  • Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of identified MAYV strains.
  • Molecular clock analysis to infer introduction events and transmission.

Main Results:

  • Five MAYV infections were detected in children across two school campuses.
  • Identified strains included three genotype D and two genotype L.
  • Phylogenetic analysis suggested at least three independent introductions of MAYV into Haiti, with sustained transmission of a genotype D strain.

Conclusions:

  • MAYV is actively circulating in Haiti, with evidence of multiple introductions and ongoing local transmission.
  • The findings underscore the potential for MAYV to spread within the northern Caribbean and North America.
  • Enhanced surveillance for MAYV is recommended in at-risk regions.

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