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Sublethal Pyrethroid Insecticide Exposure Carries Positive Fitness Effects Over Generations in a Pest Insect.

Aigi Margus1, Saija Piiroinen2, Philipp Lehmann2,3

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Sublethal pyrethroid insecticide exposure improved survival and body mass in Colorado potato beetles across generations. This suggests pest control failures may inadvertently boost invasive species success.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Pest Management

Background:

  • Stress tolerance and adaptation are key drivers of invasive species success.
  • Insecticides are used to control invasive pests, potentially influencing their stress tolerance.
  • While insecticide resistance is well-studied, the effects of sublethal exposure are less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the within-generational and transgenerational effects of sublethal pyrethroid insecticide exposure on fitness traits in the Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata).
  • To determine if maternal insecticide exposure influences offspring insecticide tolerance and fitness-related traits.

Main Methods:

  • Larvae of Leptinotarsa decemlineata were exposed to sublethal pyrethroid insecticide stress.
  • Fitness-related traits (survival, body mass, lipid content) were measured in exposed individuals and their offspring (F1 generation).
  • Offspring from mothers exposed to insecticide stress were compared to offspring from control mothers.

Main Results:

  • Sublethal insecticide stress exposure resulted in increased adult survival and body mass within the exposed generation.
  • Offspring from insecticide-stressed mothers exhibited higher larval and pupal survival.
  • Female offspring from insecticide-stressed mothers were heavier as adults; lipid content was not affected.

Conclusions:

  • Stressful, sublethal pyrethroid exposure confers positive within-generational and transgenerational fitness benefits in Leptinotarsa decemlineata.
  • Maternal exposure to sublethal insecticide stress enhances offspring survival and growth.
  • Ineffective insecticide control of invasive pests may have unintended consequences, promoting population growth and invasion success.