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Cecal Ligation and Puncture-induced Sepsis as a Model To Study Autophagy in Mice
Published on: February 9, 2014
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Systemic infection and microglia activation: a prospective postmortem study in sepsis patients
D Westhoff1, J Y Engelen-Lee1, I C M Hoogland1
11Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Immunity & Ageing : I & A
|August 7, 2019
Summary
Severe systemic inflammation during septic shock increases CD-68 positive microglia in the brain, particularly in the hippocampus, putamen, and cerebellum. This neuroinflammation was not linked to anticholinergic medication use.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Immunology
- Pathology
Background:
- Systemic infection and severe inflammation can cause long-term cognitive deficits and functional decline.
- Neuroinflammation, characterized by microglial activation, is a potential mechanism linking systemic inflammation to cognitive impairment.
- Anticholinergic medications may exacerbate these neuroinflammatory effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the neuroinflammatory response in patients with septic shock.
- To determine if severe systemic inflammation leads to microglial activation in specific brain regions.
- To explore the potential influence of anticholinergic medications on sepsis-induced neuroinflammation.
Main Methods:
- Assessed microglial activation markers (MHC-II and CD-68) using immunohistochemistry.
- Compared microglia counts in specific brain regions between patients with septic shock and control groups.
- Correlated microglia counts with anticholinergic drug scores.
Main Results:
- Patients with septic shock showed significantly higher CD-68 positive microglia in the hippocampus, putamen, and cerebellum compared to controls.
- No significant difference in MHC-II positive microglia density was observed between sepsis and control groups.
- Microglia counts did not consistently correlate with anticholinergic medication use.
Conclusions:
- Severe systemic inflammation in fatal septic shock is associated with localized upregulation of CD-68 positive microglia.
- Increased microglial activation was observed in the putamen, hippocampus, and cerebellum, indicating regional brain vulnerability.
- The study did not find a link between microglial activation and anticholinergic drug burden in this patient cohort.
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