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Cell surface analysis of purified protein derivative-induced cytotoxic cells in tuberculous pleurisy
1First Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan.
Abstract:
High NK cell activity was observed in tuberculous pleural effusions from which mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured. Further we observed that cytotoxicity against K562 was augmented by purified protein derivative (PPD). We have now performed the surface analysis of the cells in PPD-induced cytotoxicity using various monoclonal antibodies (mAb) (anti-Leu 1, anti-Leu 7, anti-Leu 11, anti-HLA-DR). Leu 11+ cells have essential cytotoxicity in PPD-induced cytotoxicity, but neither Leu 1+ nor Leu 7+ cells have such cytotoxicity. The PPD-induced cytotoxicity eliminated by the treatment with anti-HLA-DR mAb plus complement was reconstituted by adding either interferon (IFN)-alpha or beta. From these data it was suggested that Leu 11+ cells could be activated through either IFN-alpha or beta derived from HLA-DR+ cells in tuberculous pleural effusion.
Insights
Natural killer (NK) cell activity in tuberculosis pleural effusions is enhanced by purified protein derivative (PPD). Leu 11+ cells are crucial for this PPD-induced cytotoxicity, potentially activated by interferon-alpha or beta.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cellular Biology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease characterized by granuloma formation and immune cell infiltration in affected tissues.
- Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes with cytotoxic activity, playing a role in innate immunity against viral infections and cancer.
- The immune response in tuberculous pleural effusions involves various immune cells, including NK cells, but their precise role and activation mechanisms are not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of NK cells in the immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in pleural effusions.
- To identify the specific NK cell subsets responsible for cytotoxicity induced by purified protein derivative (PPD).
- To elucidate the activation pathways of NK cells in the context of PPD-induced immune responses.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of NK cell activity in pleural effusions from tuberculosis patients.
- Assessment of cytotoxicity against K562 target cells, augmented by purified protein derivative (PPD).
- Surface marker analysis using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) including anti-Leu 1, anti-Leu 7, anti-Leu 11, and anti-HLA-DR.
- Investigating the effect of anti-HLA-DR mAb treatment and reconstitution with interferon (IFN)-alpha or beta.
Main Results:
- High NK cell activity was observed in tuberculous pleural effusions.
- Purified protein derivative (PPD) augmented cytotoxicity against K562 cells.
- Leu 11+ cells were identified as the essential cytotoxic cells in PPD-induced responses, while Leu 1+ and Leu 7+ cells were not.
- PPD-induced cytotoxicity, when eliminated by anti-HLA-DR mAb, could be restored by IFN-alpha or IFN-beta.
Conclusions:
- NK cells, particularly the Leu 11+ subset, play a significant role in the immune response within tuberculous pleural effusions.
- Purified protein derivative (PPD) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis can activate NK cell cytotoxicity.
- Interferon-alpha or beta, potentially derived from HLA-DR+ cells, may activate Leu 11+ NK cells in the context of tuberculosis.