Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 21, 2026

In Vitro Evaluation of The Effects Of Er,Cr:YSGG and Diode Lasers Used on Titanium Cylinder
Published on: June 6, 2025
[Clinical observation of using Er,Cr:YSGG water laser to control endondontic interappointment pain]
Lei Zhou1, Jia Wang, Yan-Jun Zang
1Department of Endodontics, Qingdao Stomatology Hospital. Qingdao 266001, Shandong Province, China.
Purpose:
This study was to explore the role of Er, Cr:YSGG water laser in relieving endodontic interappointment pain (EIAP) during root canal therapy.
Methods:
A total of 272 cases with chronic pulpitis and chronic periapical periodontitis were selected from the Department of Endodontics of our hospital from June 2015 to June 2017, they were randomly divided into 2 groups, 136 cases in each group. After routine root canal preparation, the teeth in group A were sealed with calcium hydroxide paste after Er, Cr : YSGG water laser treatment, while teeth in group B were sealed with calcium hydroxide paste. Caviton (GC company, Japan) was used for temporary fillings in both groups, occurrence and outcomes of postoperative EIAP were recorded and compared. SPSS 17.0 software package was used for statistical analysis.
Results:
Among the two groups, there was no significant differences in EIAP (P>0.05) immediately and 1 week after surgery, but there was significant difference in the occurrence of EIAP between the first day, the second day and the third day after surgery (P<0.05). Group A had the lowest incidence of EIAP.
Conclusions:
Er, Cr: YSGG water laser can effectively reduce pain after root canal therapy, and can effectively shorten pain duration for patients; therefore, it is worthy of wide clinical application.
Related Concept Videos
Naturalistic Observations
Pain
States of Water
Water freezes when the intermolecular forces are greater than the kinetic energy. Unlike most other substances, water is less dense in its solid state than in its liquid state. This is because each water molecule can form...
Actor-Observer Effect
Observational Learning
Observational Studies
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One...

