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Clinical Profile of Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Pediatric Population from Northern Mexico

Tania González-Cortés1, Elizabeth Gutiérrez-Contreras2, Perla Karina Espino-Silva3

  • 1Centro de Investigación y Atención del Autismo, Sistema Nacional para el Desarrollo Integral de la Familia (DIF) del Estado de Coahuila, Orquídeas 100 Torreón Residencial, 27000, Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico. taniagc2201@hotmail.com.

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
|August 7, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is more common in males and shows inverse relationship between IQ and severity. Social communication deficits are most pronounced in severe ASD cases (Level 3).

Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental disorders
  • Pediatric neurology
  • Clinical psychology

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by impairments in social communication and restricted, repetitive behaviors.
  • ASD is classified into severity levels based on the individual's need for support.
  • Understanding the clinical features across different ASD severity levels is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the main clinical features of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) severity levels.
  • To analyze these features in a cohort of Mexican pediatric patients.
  • To identify patterns related to gender, intellectual quotient, and symptom presentation across severity levels.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of clinical data from Mexican pediatric patients diagnosed with ASD.
  • Categorization of patients based on established ASD severity levels (Level 1, Level 2, Level 3).
  • Assessment of clinical features including social communication impairments and restricted/repetitive behaviors, alongside intellectual quotient (IQ) measurements.

Main Results:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was found to be more prevalent in males compared to females within the study group.
  • An inverse correlation was observed between intellectual quotient (IQ) and the level of ASD severity; lower IQ was associated with higher severity.
  • Deficits in social reciprocity and communication were significantly more pronounced in Level 3 ASD patients compared to Levels 1 and 2. Differences in restricted and repetitive behaviors were less distinct across severity levels.

Conclusions:

  • Clinical presentation of ASD varies significantly across severity levels, particularly in social communication domains.
  • Intellectual quotient is a key factor associated with ASD severity in pediatric populations.
  • Gender and IQ are important considerations when assessing and managing ASD in children, with implications for support strategies.

Keywords:
ASDChildrenClinical featuresIQSeverity levels

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