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Legionellosis in Poland in 2017

Hanna Stypulkowska-Misiurewicz1, Michał Czerwiński2

  • 1Department of Bacteriology, National Institute of Public Health – National Institute of Hygiene in Warsaw

Przeglad Epidemiologiczny
|August 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Legionellosis cases in Poland increased by 50% in 2017, with Legionnaires' disease being the most common form. Improved early diagnosis in healthcare settings is crucial to address under-diagnosis and high mortality rates.

Keywords:
Legionnaires’ diseaselegionellosisatypical pneumoniaLegionella sp.infectious diseasesepidemiologyPoland2017

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Legionellosis, encompassing Legionnaires' disease and Pontiac fever, is a significant public health concern.
  • Surveillance data is crucial for understanding disease trends and informing public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the epidemiological situation of legionellosis in Poland in 2017.
  • To compare 2017 data with previous years to identify trends and changes in incidence.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of national surveillance data from annual bulletins and case reports.
  • Inclusion of data from Sanitary and Epidemiological Stations.

Main Results:

  • 39 legionellosis cases reported in 2017 (38 Legionnaires' disease, 1 Pontiac fever), a 50% increase from the previous year.
  • Incidence rate of 0.102 per 100,000 population, significantly higher than the 2011-2015 median.
  • Higher incidence in men, particularly those aged 50-59, with nine reported fatalities and cases linked to healthcare settings and international travel.

Conclusions:

  • Legionellosis incidence in Poland, while rising, remains low compared to the EU, but shows concerning provincial variation and high mortality.
  • Significant under-diagnosis of legionellosis is suggested by the data.
  • Improving early diagnosis of Legionnaires' disease in healthcare settings is a public health priority.