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Can Three-Body Recombination Purify a Quantum Gas?

Lena H Dogra1, Jake A P Glidden1, Timon A Hilker1

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Physical Review Letters
|August 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Three-body recombination in quantum gases can unexpectedly cool and purify Bose gases. Depending on initial conditions, this process can increase the condensed fraction or lead to a thermal gas.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Atomic physics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Three-body recombination in quantum gases typically causes heating.
  • Recent findings suggest three-body recombination can also lead to cooling.
  • The impact of three-body loss on sample purity is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of three-body loss on a partially condensed Bose gas.
  • To determine if three-body loss can purify the quantum gas sample by reducing entropy.
  • To explore the conditions under which three-body loss influences the condensed fraction.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of a three-dimensional homogeneous Bose gas.
  • Modeling the evolution of the condensed fraction (η) under continuous three-body loss.
  • Investigating the role of initial conditions on gas dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Three-body loss can reduce entropy per particle and increase the condensed fraction (η) in a partially condensed Bose gas.
  • The evolution of η depends critically on initial conditions.
  • Two distinct behaviors for η were predicted: further increase above a critical value, or evolution towards a thermal gas below it.

Conclusions:

  • Three-body loss can act as a purification mechanism in quantum gases.
  • The outcome of three-body loss is sensitive to initial parameters, leading to either purification or thermalization.
  • These predicted dynamical effects are experimentally observable under realistic conditions.