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Core-Muscle Training and Neuromuscular Control of the Lower Limb and Trunk

Shizuka Sasaki¹, Eiichi Tsuda¹, Yuji Yamamoto¹

¹Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Aomori, Japan.

Journal of Athletic Training

|August 7, 2019

Abstract

Context:

Comprehensive injury-prevention training (plyometric, agility, balance, and core-stability exercises) has been shown to decrease sport-related injury. The relationship between trunk control and sport-related injury has been emphasized; however, the isolated effects of core-muscle training are unclear.

Objective:

To investigate the effect of a simple 8-week core-muscle-training program on the neuromuscular control of the lower limb and trunk during jump landing and single-legged squatting.

Design:

Controlled laboratory study.

Setting:

Laboratory.

Patients Or Other Participants:

Seventeen female collegiate basketball players were randomly divided into training (n = 9; age = 19.7 ± 0.9 years) and control (n = 8; age = 20.3 ± 2.5 years) groups.

Intervention(S):

The training group completed the core-muscle-training program in addition to daily practice, and the control group performed only daily practice. Kinematic and kinetic data during a drop-jump test and single-legged squat were acquired using a 3-dimensional motion-analysis system.

Main Outcome Measure(S):

Three-dimensional hip, knee, and trunk kinematics; knee kinetics; and isokinetic muscle strength were measured at the pretraining and posttraining phases.

Results:

For the drop-jump test, the maximal trunk-flexion angle increased (P = .008), and peak knee-valgus moment (P = .008) decreased in the training group. For the single-legged squat, the peak trunk-flexion angle increased (P = .04), and the total amount of trunk lateral-inclination angle (P = .02) and peak knee-valgus moment (P = .008) decreased in the training group. We observed no changes in the control group.

Conclusions:

A consecutive 8-week core-muscle-training program improved lower limb and trunk biomechanics. These altered biomechanical patterns could be favorable to preventing sport-related injuries.

Keywords:

anterior cruciate ligament injury drop-jump test single-legged squat

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