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Economic fluctuations and cardiovascular diseases: A multiple-input time series analysis
Chiachi Bonnie Lee1, Chen-Mao Liao2, Li-Hsin Peng2
1Department of Health Services Administration, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Plos One
|August 7, 2019
Summary
Economic fluctuations impact cardiovascular disease hospitalizations differently across age and gender groups in Taiwan. Some groups experience increased risks, while others show protective effects from economic changes.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular epidemiology
- Health economics
- Environmental health
Background:
- Limited understanding of how economic fluctuations affect cardiovascular disease (CVD) hospitalizations across different demographics.
- Need to investigate gender and age-specific impacts of economic changes on conditions like ischemic heart disease (IHD), stroke, and hypertension.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the influence of economic fluctuations on hospitalization rates for IHD, stroke, and hypertension.
- To analyze these impacts by age and gender in Taiwan from 1996 to 2012.
Main Methods:
- Utilized multiple-input time series analysis to assess immediate and latent effects.
- Examined quarterly unemployment rates (UR), air pollution exposure (APE), gross domestic product (GDP), per capita cigarette and alcohol expenditure (ECA), and per capita healthcare expenditure (HE).
- Data sourced from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database and Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics.
Main Results:
- Higher unemployment (UR) increased IHD hospitalizations in young adults and middle-aged women; reduced stroke hospitalizations in young men.
- Air pollution exposure (APE) had varied effects: increasing IHD in young men, decreasing in young women; increasing stroke in older men and middle-aged women, decreasing in young men; increasing hypertension in middle-aged men and young women.
- Consumption expenditure (ECA) reduced IHD in middle-aged men, increased stroke in middle-aged and older men and middle-aged women. Healthcare expenditure (HE) generally reduced hospitalizations across various conditions and demographics.
Conclusions:
- Economic fluctuations present a complex interplay of harmful and beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease hospitalizations.
- Specific subgroups, defined by age and gender, exhibit distinct vulnerabilities and resilience to economic changes impacting cardiovascular health.
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